<p>The George H. Gurler House or simply, the Gurler House, is a home in DeKalb, Illinois. The home is listed on the National Register of Historic Places to which it was added in 1979. The home was built in 1857 and was occupied by members of George H. Gurler&#39;s extended family as early as 1888. Gurler was the co-founder of the Gurler Brothers Creamery.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Gurler House was constructed in the Greek Revival style of architecture.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>The early years</h3><br>
<p>The Gurler House is estimated to have been constructed in 1857; however, county records are not available for that time period. A sign in the front yard of the Gurler House lists it as 1857, and the Gurler Heritage Association celebrated the sesquicentennial of the house in 2007.</p><br>
<p>In approximately 1857, a local banker, Ellzey Young, had the home built for himself and his new bride, Alida Ellwood. Alida was the younger sister of barbed wire baron Isaac Ellwood ( George Gurler would not purchase the home until years later.</p><br>
<p>There are conflicting reports on the original owners of the property. One assertion is that Wyman constructed the home and sold it to the Gurlers, which was also stated by Beatrice "Bea" Gurler in an interview with the Daily Chronicle in DeKalb. However, according to the property abstract this is simply not true.</p><br>
<p>According to that document the Gurler House, as it eventually would become known, began its history as an 80 acre tract of land sold by the USA government to Steven S. Jones on April 13, 1844. Jones was a resident of Kane County. It is possible that Jones was a land speculator who gathered up pieces of property scattered across northeast Illinois. The 1878 collection "Past and Present of Kane County, Illinois," described Jones as a St. Charles attorney born on July 23, 1813, in Barry, Vermont. He moved to Illinois in June 1838 with his wife Lavinia where he has been credited with naming St. Charles.</p><br>
<p>In 1846 the family sold the 80 acre in DeKalb (then known as Huntley&#39;s Grove) to Russell Huntley, a founding settler of DeKalb. Huntley, with his brother Lewis, co-owned the property until 1851 when an entry in the abstract indicates that John M. Goodell, another early DeKalb settler, received the land as a result of legal action against the Huntleys. Regardless, Goodell eventually sold the parcel back to Lewis Huntley in 1853. Huntley then platted the land as an addition to the town. He laid out 93 city lots in all.</p><br>
<h3>Construction</h3><br>
<p>The property that would eventually become the Gurler House was sold to the man who would eventually construct the home which would become the Gurler House, Ellzey P. Young, in 1857. Young along with his wife Alida Young (who was the younger sister of Isaac Ellwood) paid Huntley $320 for the three lots that make up the property where the Gurler House stands today. This entry on the property abstract confirms the widely held and long standing belief that the house was constructed in 1857. There is, however, another possibility.</p><br>
<p>If the second possibility were true it would mean that the Gurler House is one year younger than it is traditionally thought to be, being built in 1858 instead of 1857. Records show that Young took out a mortgage on the land for $537 in February 1858. It is thought that this money could have given the Youngs enough cash to build the Gurler House over a more humble home such as a log cabin.</p><br>
<h3>The Gurlers move in</h3><br>
<p>The Gurler family, under the patriarchy of George, moved into the home in 1893. Gurlers nephews, sons of his brother Henry, with whom he had started the dairy that led to their success, had occupied the home since 1888 and did until Gurler moved in. The Gurler Brothers Creamerys proprietary milking and manufacturing process was later sold to HP Hood in exchange for 5% claim of the Hood company. The partial ownership of HP Hood and Gurler House were eventually inherited by heir Emrah Gurler who then donated the home to the DeKalb Historical Society.</p><br>
<p>Beatrice Gurler, daughter of George H. Gurler, lived in the house until her death in 1977. Shortly thereafter, community members worked together to save the house from being demolished, partially paying for the property with Community Development Block Grant money invested by the city of DeKalb. The story is a very interesting one, with many twists and turns, to be found in a history prepared by Northern Illinois University Students and currently resting on the piano in the Gurler House community room.</p><br>
<p>Atalaya Castle, often known simply as Atalaya, was the winter home of industrialist and philanthropist Archer M. Huntington and his wife, the sculptor Anna Hyatt Huntington, located in Huntington Beach State Park near the Atlantic coast in Murrells Inlet, Georgetown County, South Carolina.</p><br>
<p>Archer Huntington was a noted scholar of Spanish culture and art, and designed the residence in the Moorish Revival and Mediterranean Revival architecture styles from Spanish Andalusian coast models.</p><br>
<h2>Residence</h2><br>
<p>Atalaya was built near the Atlantic Ocean in northeastern South Carolina, within present day Huntington Beach State Park. The location was chosen as a milder winter retreat for the health of Anna Huntington, who suffered from tuberculosis from the mid-twenties to the mid-thirties.</p><br>
<p>The 200x200 ft masonry structure was built from 1931 to 1933 apparently without drawn plans, Archer Huntington had already designed the residence for them with his detailed imagination in his head. Local labor was used at Archer Huntington&#39;s insistence to provide work for a community hard hit by the Great Depression.</p><br>
<h3>Description</h3><br>
<p>Atalaya (ah-tuh-LIE-yuh) means "watchtower" in Spanish, as in the real Atalaya Castle in Spain. The house is dominated by a square tower, which housed a 3,000 USgal water tank. Rising nearly 40 ft from a covered walkway, it bisects Atalaya&#39;s inner court. The inner walls of the main courtyard were covered with creeping fig vines, Sabal palmettos, the South Carolina state tree, and other palms.</p><br>
<p>The living quarters consist of 30 rooms around three sides of the perimeter, while the studio, with its 25 ft skylight, opens onto a small, enclosed courtyard where Anna Hyatt Huntington worked on her sculptures. Pens for animal models, including horses, dogs and bears, are situated adjacent to the open studio. The building also features hand-wrought iron grills designed by Mrs. Huntington, which cover the exteriors of windows. These and shutters were installed for protection against hurricane winds.</p><br>
<h4>Transition</h4><br>
<p>During World War II the Huntingtons vacated Atalaya and provided it to the Army Air Corps for use from 1942 to 1946.</p><br>
<p>The Huntingtons last used Atalaya as their winter home in 1947. Most of the furnishings were sent to New York City after Mr. Huntingtons death in 1955. The studio equipment was moved to a new studio at Brookgreen Gardens just across USA Route 17, which cut through the Huntingtons former contiguous property.</p><br>
<h2>Public era</h2><br>
<p>The 2,500 acre tract was leased to the state in 1960 for use as a state park. Mrs. Huntington died in 1973.</p><br>
<p>Atalaya Castle was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984, and was included in the designation of Atalaya and Brookgreen Gardens (along with the sculpture garden at Brookgreen Gardens) as a National Historic Landmark District in 1992.</p><br>
<p>The Friends of Huntington Beach State Park offer guided tours of Atalaya and operate the Atalaya Visitor Center with exhibits about the house and the Huntingtons.</p><br>
<p>The annual Atalaya Arts and Crafts Festival is held each year in late September.</p><br>
<h2>Photos</h2><br>
<p>The Carlock Building, 1001 – 1013 13th Street, Lubbock, Texas is an office building designed in the Art Deco style by J. B. Davies & Company of Fort Worth, Texas. It was constructed in 1930 as a cotton exchange for J. D. Doughty and J. B. Kerby. The building reflected the importance of cotton in the region and the growth of peripheral industries.</p><br>
<p>Cotton merchandising firms headed by Charles Paul Carlock and Watson have continuously occupied this building since its construction. The Carlock Building has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The building currently houses law offices of Glasheen, Valles and Inderman L.L.P. - Personal Injury Attorneys.</p><br>
<p>Salmon Ruins is an ancient Chacoan and Pueblo site located in the northwest corner of New Mexico, USA. Salmon was constructed by migrants from Chaco Canyon around 1090 CE, with 275 to 300 original rooms spread across three stories, an elevated tower kiva in its central portion, and a great kiva in its plaza. Subsequent use by local Middle San Juan people  resulted in extensive modifications to the original building, with the reuse of hundreds of rooms, division of many of the original large, Chacoan rooms into smaller rooms, and emplacement of more than 20 small kivas into pueblo rooms and plaza areas. The site was occupied by ancient Ancestral Puebloans until the 1280s, when much of the site was destroyed by fire and abandoned . The pueblo is situated on the north bank of the San Juan River, just to the west of the modern town of Bloomfield, New Mexico, and about 45 mi north of Pueblo Bonito in Chaco Canyon. The site was built on the first alluvial terrace above the San Juan River floodplain.</p><br>
<p>The ruins of Salmon Pueblo were excavated between 1970 and 1979, under the direction of Cynthia Irwin-Williams of Eastern New Mexico University in partnership with the San Juan County Museum Association (Irwin-Williams 2006, p. 17-27). The San Juan Valley Archaeological Program resulted in the excavation of slightly more than one-third of Salmon&#39;s ground floor rooms. More than 1.5 million artifacts and samples were recovered from Salmon. In 1980, Irwin-Williams and co-principal investigator Phillip Shelley wrote, compiled and edited a multivolume, 1,500-page report. The document fulfilled the reporting requirements for the series of grants under which the project had been completed but it was not intended for publication. Throughout the 1980s, Irwin-Williams and Shelley worked on a modified and greatly reduced manuscript, with the goal of producing a publishable report. This work ended with the untimely death of Cynthia Irwin-Williams in 1990.</p><br>
<p>In 2000, Archaeology Southwest (formerly the Center for Desert Archaeology) President Bill Doelle and staff met with Salmon Executive Director Larry Baker and forged a multiyear partnership. Archaeology Southwests work at Salmon began in 2001 as the Salmon Reinvestment and Research Program, with archaeologist Paul Reed leading the effort. The research initiative comprised two primary tasks: first, to condense and edit the original 1980 Salmon report into a new, published technical report, and second, to conduct additional, primary research in several targeted areas, with the goal of producing material for a detailed technical report, as well as a synthetic volume. The three-volume report, entitled Thirty-Five Years of Archaeological Research at Salmon Ruins, New Mexico, was published in 2006 (Reed 2006a), followed by the synthetic-summary volume Chaco’s Northern Prodigies, published in 2008 (Reed 2008a). An additional component of the Archaeology Southwest effort at Salmon focused on the curation needs of the massive collection. These needs were partially addressed through a Save Americas Treasures grant for $150,000 awarded in 2002. The curation effort (repackaging and reboxing artifacts) has continued over the last 10 years.</p><br>
<h2>Construction and occupation</h2><br>
<p>Hundreds of tree-ring dates from Salmon indicate that the first and perhaps second stories were built between 1090 and 1095, using wood cut over a decade. The plan of the Salmon great house is very similar to that of Hungo Pavi in Chaco Canyon and nearby Aztec Ruins, built after Salmon between 1100 and 1125. The Chacoan occupation of Salmon ended by 1125, but the site was not abandoned. Subsequent use by local Middle San Juan Puebloans occurred from 1125 to the 1280s. After 1200, during the San Juan period, the site saw increased activity and population and contact with Puebloans across the greater San Juan area. Although residents at Salmon traded with people from the Mesa Verde or Northern San Juan region, few people from Mesa Verde actually migrated to Salmon Pueblo (Reed 2009, p. 58).</p><br>
<p>At the end of its occupation in the 1280s, much of Salmon Pueblo was intentionally burned. Several rooms on the western side of the Pueblo contained bushels of corn that were consumed in the fire (Reed 2008b, p. 19). On the burned roof of the Tower Kiva in Salmons central roomblock, nearly 20 children and several adults were partially cremated at the sites abandonment. This event was originally interpreted as an act of warfare, with the deceased killed as a result of the fire. However, more detailed, subsequent analyses have revealed a much more complicated situation with the final cremation of the individuals at abandonment and little or no evidence for warfare (Akins 2008, p. 140-164).</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The walls of the Salmon great house were constructed of thin sandstone slabs in the classic Chaco Canyon style; Chaco veneer types II, III, and IV are represented (Baker 2006). The structure is rectangular in shape and is oriented with its long axis running roughly east–west. The long back (north) wall of the ruin is roughly 400 ft long.</p><br>
<p>The ground floor contained 150 rooms arranged into 25 suites with generally four rooms each; these are interpreted as family dwelling units. The room suites and other evidence of residential usage indicate that Salmon Pueblo was used as a primary great house residence during the Chacoan period (Reed 2008b), in contrast to other Chacoan great houses. Two roomblocks extend southward from each end of the rear section, enclosing a large plaza. The plaza contains a great kiva similar to the reconstructed one at Aztec Ruins. There is also an elevated "tower kiva" situated in the center of the main roomblock.</p><br>
<p>The rooms are roofed with large wooden beams and stringers (also known as vigas and latillas) in the style of most ancient and modern pueblo structures. The logs used as beams were cut from ponderosa pine, Douglas fir, spruce, and other large trees that had to be transported to the site from as far away as 40 mi.</p><br>
<p>The great kiva measures about 58 ft in diameter. The roof of the kiva was supported by four large columns built of alternating layers of stone and wood. These columns, in turn, support large conifer beams which held the massive roof. Salmon Pueblo contained other special function rooms, as well, including four milling rooms, two rooms with archaeo-astronomical features, and two rooms that served as workshops for making and repairing metates and other stone tools.</p><br>
<h2>Preservation and interpretation</h2><br>
<p>In the late nineteenth century, Peter Milton Salmon, his son George Salmon, and their families homesteaded the property. Peter was born in Indiana in 1844 and died in Los Angeles in 1937. Before settling in New Mexico, he lived in southern Colorado, where he married Maria Encarnacion Archuleta, a member of an old New Mexican family. The Salmon homestead and outbuildings remain near the ruin and have been preserved as part of Salmon&#39;s Heritage Park. The Salmons, and later owner Charles Dustin, provided protection for the site.</p><br>
<p>The non-profit San Juan County Museum Association acquired the 22 acre tract of land containing the ancient site and the Salmon Family settlement in 1969. San Juan County made the final purchase of the property, and the association operates the facility under a lease agreement.</p><br>
<p>The Salmon Ruins Museum, located on the property, opened in 1973. It includes exhibits of artifacts found at the site, as well as rotating exhibits of regional interest topics. The museum, pueblo, and Salmon homestead are all open to the public.</p><br>
<p>A was launched in May 2018.</p><br>
<p>The site was placed on the New Mexico State Register of Cultural Properties and the National Register of Historic Places in 1970.</p><br>
<p>The Texas Technological College Dairy Barn, located on the Texas Tech University campus in Lubbock, Texas, was constructed from 1926–27 and served as a teaching facility for 40 years. The building was designed by architect W. C. Hedrick of Fort Worth, Texas, with assistance from Agricultural Dean A. H. Leidigh and Professor W. L. Stangel.</p><br>
<p>Until 1935, students would bring their own cows to campus and market their own milk products through the Student Dairy Association. After 1927, the Dairy Manufacturers department sold milk and ice cream to Lubbock residents and college cafeterias. The university moved its dairy facility elsewhere in 1967 and abandoned the dairy barn.</p><br>
<p>From 1990 through 1992, students raised funds to preserve the barn as a symbol of Texas Tech&#39;s agricultural roots. The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.</p><br>
<p>On October 16, 2020, Texas Tech unveiled renovations to the barn, which was made possible with a $3.5 million restoration project announced in 2017.</p><br>
<p>It has a hay hood.</p><br>
<p>The Warren and Myrta Bacon House, 1802 Broadway, Lubbock, Texas, United States, was designed and built from plans by W. M. Rice of Amarillo, Texas, in 1916. It was designed along neo-classical lines for Warren A. Bacon, a successful local businessman and civic leader. The house was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<h2>Owners</h2><br>
<p>Warren Bacon lived in Lubbock from 1893 and resided in this house from its construction until his death in 1938.</p><br>
<p>Mrs. Myrta Bacon, daughter of George M. Hunt, lived in here from its construction until her death in 1967.</p><br>
<p>In 1981, the Episcopal Diocese of Northwest Texas acquired the house and remains the present owner.</p><br>
<p>The Beneficent Congregational Church is a United Church of Christ Congregationalist church located at 300 Weybosset Street in downtown Providence, Rhode Island.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The congregation was founded in 1743 during the "First Great Awakening" as a separatist spin-off from a Congregationalist group on the east side of the Providence River, and built their first sanctuary on this site. The current church was built in 1809 and was extensively remodeled in the Greek Revival style in 1836.</p><br>
<p>The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The current church building is a brick Greek Revival structure which features a prominent dome. The current structure – the second Meeting House on this location – was built in 1809 to plans by Barnard Eddy and John Newman, the latter of whom supervised construction. It was substantially altered in the Greek Revival style in 1836 to a design by James C. Bucklin of Tallman & Bucklin, although the basic overall configuration of the building was not changed. The Doric columns were added at this time. This work was funded with a $30,000 donation from textile entrepreneur Henry J. Steere in honor of his father, Jonah Steere. Steere also gave to the church a chandelier containing 5,673 pieces of Austrian crystal.</p><br>
<p>The church bears a striking similarity in style to the Massachusetts State House in Boston, designed by Charles Bulfinch. Prior to about 2007, the churchs dome was covered with gold leaf which gave it a distinctive appearance. Due to weather damage to the gold leaf, the congregation voted in 1987 to replace the roof with more durable copper sheeting as part of a larger renovation project. This copper sheeting gives the dome its current green patina. The ceiling inside the Meeting House is curved at the edges, but doesnt indicate that the building is topped by a dome.</p><br>
<h2>Community engagement</h2><br>
<p>A member of the United Church of Christ (UCC) denomination, Beneficent chose to become an "Open and Affirming" congregation in 2001. The church supports local and community ministries like the Providence Gay Men&#39;s Chorus, RPM Voices, and 12-step meetings, as well as overseas ministries managed by the regional and national UCC bodies.</p><br>
<h2>Senior Pastors</h2><br>
<p>Joseph Snow Jr. (served 1743&ndash;1793)</p><br>
<p>James "Paddy" Wilson, M.A. (served 1793&ndash;1839)</p><br>
<p>Mark Tucker, D.D. (served 1839&ndash;1845)</p><br>
<p>John Payne Cleveland, D.D. (served 1846&ndash;1853)</p><br>
<p>Alexander Huntington Clapp, D.D. (served 1855&ndash;1865)</p><br>
<p>James Gardiner Vose, D.D. (served 1866&ndash;1901)</p><br>
<p>Asbury E. Krom (served 1901&ndash;1932)</p><br>
<p>Arthur Edward Wilson, D.D., L.H.D. (served 1933&ndash;1967)</p><br>
<p>Edward King Hempel Jr. (served 1968&ndash;1970)</p><br>
<p>August Ralph Barlow Jr. (served 1970&ndash;1997)</p><br>
<p>Richard Henry Taylor (served 1999&ndash;2006)</p><br>
<p>Nicole Grant Yonkman and Todd Grant Yonkman (served 2009&ndash;2016)</p><br>
<p>Elizabeth Chandler Felts (serving 2019&ndash;present)</p><br>
<p>The Socastee Historic District, located on the Intracoastal Waterway in Socastee, South Carolina, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.</p><br>
<p>It includes three contributing buildings, one contributing site, and one contributing structure. They are a metal swing bridge, two houses, one store and a pecan grove. It is one of the few remaining intact local examples of post-Civil War development.</p><br>
<h2>Samuel S. Sarvis House</h2><br>
<p>Samuel Sarvis built his house in 1881, shortly before he was to be married.</p><br>
<h2>Thomas B. Cooper House</h2><br>
<p>The Thomas B. Cooper house was built for Mr. Cooper by Robert M. Prince, Jr. in 1908.</p><br>
<p>The exterior has recently been renovated.</p><br>
<h2>Thomas B. Cooper Store</h2><br>
<p>The store was built in 1905 and closed in 1932.</p><br>
<h2>Swing bridge</h2><br>
<p>The Socastee swing bridge was designed by the United States Army Corps of Engineers. It is a swing-span, Warren through-truss type bridge with rigid joints and was opened in 1936. It is 217 ft long and 24 ft feet wide.</p><br>
<p>A pamphlet printed for the opening of the Waterway in Socastee in 1936 discloses the Socastee bridge was built by the Tidewater Construction Corporation; according to a 1981 South Carolina Highway Department Survey, however, the bridge contains a plate bearing the name of Virginia Bridge & Iron Company.</p><br>
<p>It is most likely the pieces for the bridge itself was fabricated by the Virginia Bridge & Iron Company, and was assembled by Tidewater Construction Corporation.</p><br>
<p>Originally, the bridge had to be turned by hand. The gatekeeper worked from the house at the top of the bridge. The first operator of the bridge boarded at the Thomas B. Cooper house.</p><br>
<p>From the time of its construction, the Socastee turn bridge was the only means other than ferry to cross the Intra Coastal waterway. Located on Highway 544, it was to be closed after approval of a new bridge to be built on south of the Socastee bridge. Though the new bridge solved many traffic problems during the tourist season, it did not help the locals and it would have created many problems for Socastee residents that need to access Forestbrook Road, which is located approximately 0.2 miles on the right off Hwy. 544 west of the Socastee turn bridge. Additionally Peach Tree Road was located just 0.1 miles to the left. Thus the Socastee turn bridge not only has historic value, but it is still used in daily commuting.</p><br>
<h2>Pecan Grove</h2><br>
<p>Old pecan grove near the Thomas B. Cooper store.</p><br>
<h2>Early Residents</h2><br>
<h3>Samuel S. Sarvis (1843 - 1931)</h3><br>
<p>Samuel S. Sarvis was a confederate veteran and served with the SC 26th Infantry. He was a merchant, store owner and a business partner with Dusenbury & Sarvis. Mr. Sarvis was appointed the postmaster of Socastee in 1896. The post office was in his store which was the norm for small towns in that era.</p><br>
<h3>Thomas B. Cooper (1863 - 1928)</h3><br>
<p>Thomas B. Cooper was the Socastee postmaster in 1908.</p><br>
<p>The Paramount Theatre is a concert venue in Denver, Colorado, located on Glenarm Place, near Denver&#39;s famous 16th Street Mall. The venue has a seating capacity of 1,870 but is a popular destination for large acts looking for a smaller concert setting. With spelling as Paramount Theater, the building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Paramount opened in 1930 as a movie theatre, part of the Paramount-Publix Theatre Circuit, the exhibition arm of Paramount Pictures. The theatre itself was designed by the Chicago architectural firm of Rapp and Rapp, with decorations by designer Vincent Mondo, murals by Louis Grell of Chicago. The original main entry to the theatre was at 519 16th Street, where an entrance lobby was cut through an existing commercial and office building.</p><br>
<p>The three-story office and commercial building featuring what was then the theatres secondary entrance on Glenarm Place, now the main entrance, was designed by the local architect Temple H. Buell. Buells design is a modernized, art deco interpretation of the Gothic style, executed largely in cast concrete and white terra cotta.</p><br>
<p>For several decades the Paramount enjoyed success as one of the premier movie houses in the Rocky Mountain region. Then, like other large movie theatres, its patronage declined as population and commerce dispersed into new suburban areas. By 1978, it was the last movie palace left in Denver, and started hosting opera with a production of Madama Butterfly in October 1978 by the Denver Opera Company. The venue has survived and evolved, and now plays host to numerous concert and performance acts. The theatre was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980, and the city of Denver recognized it as a historic landmark in 1988. Eight years later, Sinbad performed his HBO comedy special "Son of a Preacher Man" here.</p><br>
<p>In 2002 the Paramount and the building next door was purchased by what is now Kroenke Sports & Entertainment.</p><br>
<h2>Wurlitzer organ</h2><br>
<p>The Paramount also hosts one of two remaining twin-console Wurlitzer theatre organs in the United States. (The other one is located in New York City, at Radio City Music Hall.) With four manuals and twenty ranks, and over 1600 pipes, the Paramounts instrument is one of the largest ever installed in the Rocky Mountain region. It is opus 2122 of the Publix#1 style Wurlitzer, a type designed by the theatre organist Jesse Crawford. It was installed in the theatre on July 23, 1930. The Wurlitzer organ is featured on many of Denvers cultural tours. At some point soon after its original installation, it was determined that it required an English Post Horn more than the original Vox Humana in the Solo Chamber, so the Vox was removed to storage in the building and a Post Horn purchased and installed on the old Vox Humana chest. Recently, Bill Brown, the original owner of the Phoenix Organ Stop pizza parlors, learned of the “homeless” Vox pipes at the Denver Paramount, and donated an additional pipe chest to Rocky Mountain chapter of the American Theatre Organ Society, who maintain the instrument, to be used for the “silent” Vox rank. Installation is now complete (as of 2012), and the second Vox is once again playing from its original stop tabs on the console. Consequently, the organ now contains twenty-one ranks. The second, slave console is actually a Wurlitzer three-manual shell, thus being slightly smaller than the main console.</p><br>
<p>The White Place Historic District is a residential historic district in Bloomington, Illinois. The district includes houses on White Place, North Clinton Boulevard, and the east side of Fell Avenue bordered to the south by Empire Street  and Emerson Street to the north. These houses were largely built between 1895 and 1928, and many of them were built shortly after S. R. White platted White Place. The homes in the district were designed in a variety of architectural styles; styles prominently featured in the district include Prairie School, American Craftsman, Colonial Revival, Victorian, and Spanish Colonial.</p><br>
<p>The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on August 12, 1988.</p><br>
<h2>Images</h2><br>
<p>The Woodstock Square Historic District is located in the county seat of McHenry County, Illinois, which is Woodstock. The district is located in downtown Woodstock and has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1982. Within the district two of Woodstock&#39;s other Registered Places can be found, Woodstock Opera House and the Old McHenry County Courthouse.</p><br>
<h2>Square</h2><br>
<p>The square consists of historic buildings and is anchored by two key structures, the Old McHenry County Courthouse and the Woodstock Opera House. Most of the other buildings on the square are privately owned and kept up, housing numerous small businesses, including restaurants and shops. The streets of the square are one way and paved with brick, they square off a large public park which features two gazeebos and war memorials. During the winter the square and its buildings and trees are adorned with lights.</p><br>
<p>The Woodstock Square is host to a number of festivals and events throughout the year. Some the events include Harvestdays, Old Time Fiddlers Competition and Groundhog Days, celebrating the city of Woodstock&#39;s role in the 1993 film Groundhog Day. Groundhog Day was filmed on location in Woodstock, Illinois, the city portrayed Punxsutawney, Pennsylvania in the film.</p><br>
<h2>Structures</h2><br>
<h3>Old McHenry County Courthouse</h3><br>
<p>The Old McHenry County Courthouse is separately listed on the National Register of Historic Places and was long the home for McHenry County government offices, though it no longer serves in that capacity. Today, the courthouse is home to several businesses and is one of the key elements in the Woodstock Square Historic District. Built in 1857 the Old Courthouse is designed in a simple Italianate style. The building is topped with a distinctive white dome which features a lightning rod.</p><br>
<h3>Woodstock Opera House</h3><br>
<p>The Woodstock Opera House has been in continuous operation since its construction was completed in 1889. Along with the Old Courthouse, the Opera House is one of the key elements of the Woodstock Square Historic District. Originally constructed to be a library, council room, court, fire department, and provide a second floor auditorium, the Opera House quickly became the center for McHenry County&#39;s entertainment. Today the Opera House hosts a variety of events. They include: concerts, theatre, dance, visual art, educational programs, lectures and meetings. The Woodstock Opera House is one of the oldest continually operating theatres in the United States.</p><br>
<h2>Woodstock Square in popular culture</h2><br>
<p>Many key scenes, featuring Bill Murray, in Groundhog Day were filmed in and around the Woodstock Square Historic District. Murrays character is seen plummeting from the Woodstock Opera House after he figures out he will indefinitely be reliving the same day over and over again, causing him to become humorously suicidal. The restaurant where Murrays character is shown exhibiting God-like ability to predict the future is located on the Square as well and is still home to a small diner today.</p><br>
<p>The Joseph F. Glidden House is located in the United States in the DeKalb County, Illinois city of DeKalb. It was the home to the famed inventor of barbed wire Joseph Glidden. The barn, still located on the property near several commercial buildings, is said to be where Glidden perfected his improved version of barbed wire which would eventually transform him into a successful entrepreneur. The Glidden House was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1973. The home was designed by another barbed wire patent holder in DeKalb, Jacob Haish.</p><br>
<p>The property contains the house and two outbuildings; the barn and the remains of an old windmill foundation. Constructed in 1861, the Glidden House adheres mostly to a French Colonial style of architecture. The raised basement and full-length porch are two of the architectural elements found on the Glidden House that are consistently found in French Colonial homes. The barn, a building of high historical significance, was not included as part of the National Register listing for the property until 2002, nearly 30 years after the original nomination was approved.</p><br>
<h2>House</h2><br>
<p>The land that the Glidden House stands on is what remains of Joseph Gliddens once large DeKalb County farm. His holdings stretched along Lincoln Highway, both the north and south sides, from the Kishwaukee River in the east to present-day Annie Glidden Road on the west. The Glidden Farm went as far north as todays Lucinda Avenue. The farm&#39;s south border, near where Glidden would grant the Galena and Chicago Union Railroad right-of-way through DeKalb in the early 1890s was near present-day Taylor Street.</p><br>
<p>The two-story Joseph F. Glidden House is constructed from locally fired brick, which is relatively soft. The softness of the brick has caused it to weather in a non-uniform fashion. The brick is said to have been fired at a small brickyard which once existed on the Kishwaukee River in DeKalb, near the present-day Lincoln Highway bridge. The home stands on a stone foundation and was designed by local carpenter and eventual barbed wire competitor to Glidden, Jacob Haish. Construction was completed in 1861 and the home is a prominent example of Illinois French Colonial architecture.</p><br>
<h3>History</h3><br>
<p>The land where the Glidden House stands once held a log structure, which Glidden lived in when he first came to DeKalb at the beckoning of his cousin Russell Huntley. The house was built in 1861 for barbed wire entrepreneur Joseph Farwell Glidden. As his personal residence, the house, and its accompanying barn, were closely associated with his invention, really just an improvement, of barbed wire. Gliddens improvement upon a wire board fence developed by Henry Rose was of vast importance in the settlement of the United States west of the Mississippi. It was after Glidden saw Rose exhibit his wire at a fair in 1873 that he was struck with the idea of attaching barbs to wire strand fencing. Glidden is said to have experimented with some of his ideas in the basement kitchen of the Glidden House. He noticed that whenever he tried to attach barbs directly to strands of wire they slid along the length of the wire; Glidden realized he needed a way to crimp the barbs. He began tinkering around the homes kitchen. Glidden fit two hair pins to the shaft of a coffee mill, one centered and the other off-center. He found that by placing the wire between the pins and turning the crank a uniform barb resulted. How to crimp the barbs to the wire was solved, in the barn, by tying one end of the wire and another length of wire to a poplar tree on the grounds of the Glidden House and the other ends of the wires to a grindstone. The grindstone was used to twist the wires together and prevent the barbs from slipping.</p><br>
<p>Day-to-day life at the Glidden House was mostly carried out in the home&#39;s basement which contained a full kitchen, dining room, and living room. The upper floors were used for guests and for sleeping quarters.</p><br>
<p>As of 2006 extensive restoration work had been completed on the home. The front porch was repaired and restored and inside, the hardwood floors have been replaced and refinished. In addition, the front parlors have been repainted and restored.</p><br>
<h3>Architecture</h3><br>
<p>The home was mostly designed in a French Colonial style, though it contains some elements of Greek Revival architecture. French Colonial architecture was more popular in the American South than it ever was in the northern tier of states.</p><br>
<h4>Exterior</h4><br>
<p>The two-story brick structure is supported by a fieldstone foundation and still features its original front porch. The porch spans the length of the building&#39;s front (south) facade, at a height of about 6 ft. The porch is supported by four wooden pillars, which rest on stone bases. The stairs leading to the front porch are supported by two similar wooden posts, which, like the house, are set into fieldstone bases. The first step on the stairs was originally a limestone block embedded in the ground. The porch roof is supported by six wooden, bracketed pillars. The pillars are simple, with the brackets coming from the boxed capitals. At the rear of the porch wooden pilasters set at each end help to support the roof. Differentiating the home from the traditional French Colonial design is the porch roof, which is separate from the main roof.</p><br>
<p>The house stands mostly as it did in 1861 save a few alterations. The front porch was screened in at the time the building was added to the National Register of Historic Places, the screens have since been removed. At the rear of the house a small porch was enclosed. In 1909 or 1910 there were major subtractions and replacements. Removed were a cast-iron widow&#39;s walk along the roof ridge and a large gable dormer, decorated in the same manner as the cornice decorating the roof trim. The present dormer replaced the larger one and is more of a low-shed type.</p><br>
<p>The roof itself is a low gable and dominated by single stack, straddle ridge chimneys at its east and west ends. The boxed roof trim is a decorated cornice. The low-shed dormer is covered with green asphalt. The old widows walk, which a neighbor dubbed Gliddens "obscuratory", was balustraded and set just above the dormer.</p><br>
<h4>Interior</h4><br>
<p>The interior of the building is also similar to how it appeared when the house was constructed. However, a few changes have been made. In 1910 the two marble fireplaces were replaced by brick. The flooring has been replaced as needed. The home&#39;s basement, once the main living area, has since been converted several times for other uses.</p><br>
<p>On the first floor of the home the rooms remain much the same as they were when Glidden lived in the house.</p><br>
<p>On the houses east side are three rooms, whose original presence is open to debate. The three rooms are interconnected, another common French colonial element. The room adjacent the porch was used as the Gliddens dining room and is where the large brick fireplace, which replaced the marble one in 1909, is located. The 1909 fireplace is of the American Craftsman style. At the end of the hall, near the kitchen, there is a full bathroom.</p><br>
<p>The western part of the first floor is dominated by a large formal living room. The room has two entrances, one at the front of the hall, near the front door and the other at the back end of the hall. This was the room in which Elva Glidden married in the late 19th century. After 1941 the rear part of the living room, or "west" room, was walled off and a second kitchen added. When Jessie Glidden, the last Glidden to occupy the old homestead, moved in 1998, the west room was restored to its original size and the second kitchen removed.</p><br>
<p>The basement, and for part of the homes history, the main living area, is accessed via a staircase at the back of the first-floor hall. The steep stairs still show years of wear. One of the rooms off the main basement is the kitchen where Glidden is said to have experimented with the coffee grinder and his wifes hair pins, eventually leading to his brand of barbed wire.</p><br>
<p>The second-floor served as the main sleeping quarters. It consists of a few simple bedrooms, all historically without closets. The upstairs hall contains a door which once accessed a staircase to the widow&#39;s walk, what remains of the space has been used as a closet for over a century.</p><br>
<h2>Outbuildings</h2><br>
<p>The other outbuilding on the property along historic Lincoln Highway are the remnants of a once dominating windmill. Though only the foundation remains, it gives a glimpse of how impressive the structure must have once been.</p><br>
<h3>Barn</h3><br>
<p>The Glidden Barn, located to the rear and east of the home, was thought to have been added to the National Register of Historic Places when the original nomination for the house was approved in 1973. However, in the late 1990s, the Illinois Historic Preservation Agency revealed that the nomination included only the house.</p><br>
<p>The barn was built sometime around 1871, possibly even before, and is constructed of the same soft brick that makes up the exterior of the home. Tradition in the Glidden family holds that the barn, like the house itself, was designed and built by prominent local carpenter Jacob Haish. The famous barn, one of DeKalb County&#39;s oldest remaining, stands a full two-stories high, measuring around 50 feet (15 m) tall, with a width of 30 feet (9 m).</p><br>
<p>In February 2007 the Glidden Homestead and Historical Center kicked off a fundraising drive. The drive is aimed at raising US$2 million to expand the Joseph F. Glidden House site to include museum space and a media center. Some of the funds will be used to help restore the barn and expand historical center museum space into the building.</p><br>
<h4>Architecture</h4><br>
<p>The Glidden barn is of pole and beam construction. It is constructed of red brick and stands on a foundation of limestone. Glidden&#39;s barn took full advantage of the term vernacular; the brick was locally manufactured and the limestone locally quarried.</p><br>
<p>The east bay of the barn contains an animal stall in its northeast corner and a fully enclosed office in its opposite corner. The second-floor hayloft is supported by the two massive transverse beams. The full-sized loft is accessible via an enclosed staircase against the south wall. The building&#39;s exterior roof is fully supported by the brick walls. The result is a loft which is an entirely open space save for some pole and beam construction supporting the laminated beams, which act as tie rods at the base of the roof. The barn roof is a common gable roof pitched at a 45 degree angle, it was originally covered with wooden shingles, those have been replaced over the years with asphalt.</p><br>
<p>The barn features extensive windows, somewhat unusual outside of dairy barns, with a total of 14 eight-paned, double-hung windows dispersed over three sides of the rectangular structure, north, south and east. On the west side, facing the house, are seven smaller single-pane windows. The double-hung windows are topped with segmented arches constructed from a double row of bricks; the north and south main entrances are also topped with segmented brick arches, each of three rows of bricks.</p><br>
<h3>Windmill building</h3><br>
<p>Only the foundation remains of the property&#39;s windmill. What is left, ten rows of stone above the ground, is completely invisible when the home is viewed by passers-by on Lincoln Highway. The windmill started to fall into disrepair around the 1930s or 40s. The original, specific use of the windmill is unknown.</p><br>
<p>The General Dean Suspension Bridge spans the Kaskaskia River at Carlyle in Clinton County, Illinois, United States. It is named after Major General William F. Dean, a native of Carlyle who served during the Korean War. The bridge is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It was added to the Register in 1973.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The bridge was originally constructed in 1859 at a cost of $40,000. The original bridge remained in operation for nearly seventy years. In 1950 the Historic American Buildings Survey (HABS) recognized the bridge for its architectural significance. HABS recommended preservation of the bridge. The Illinois General Assembly set aside $20,000 for bridge restoration in 1951, and in 1953 the bridge was named after Major General Dean.</p><br>
<p>Nisbet Homestead Farm, also known as the Old Stone House, is located near the LaSalle County town of Earlville, Illinois. The farm itself is actually in DeKalb County. The homestead is a stone structure, the only one in DeKalb County. The stone house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places  on May 31, 1984.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The homesteaded land was acquired by Matthew Nisbet, who had immigrated from Scotland to Upper Canada in 1818. In 1841 Nisbet came to DeKalb County, Paw Paw Township, and constructed a two-story log cabin, a temporary home he lived in while he built the Old Stone House. The home is constructed of ten-by-four feet blocks of stone; which were hauled from Ottawa, Illinois via ox-cart. Nisbet&#39;s home took 15 years to build and has remained in the Nisbet family until 2021.</p><br>
<h2>Nisbet Farm</h2><br>
<p>The NRHP listing for the Nisbet Homestead Farm consists of 10 contributing "properties" on the 5 acre of land. These various properties are designated as buildings (numbering 5); "structures" (3); and "sites" (2).</p><br>
<h3>Buildings</h3><br>
<p>Five of the properties on the Nisbet Homestead Farm listing are classified as buildings. This includes the main house, completed in 1863 by Nisbet. Nisbet began construction in 1848 and lived in the log cabin during some of that time. The Greek Revival style home is made of a combination of limestone and weatherboard, and sits on a concrete foundation and has an asphalt roof. The sites other four "buildings" were all built before 1935. The earliest among these structures, erected pre-1900, is a wooden gable-roofed barn, of the "English" (or "Three Bay") style. The other circa-1900 structure at the Nisbet Farm is a wooden banked barn. After 1909, a tin-roofed storage shed was constructed; and in 1935 the final of the properties buildings was erected, a shingled double corn crib.</p><br>
<h3>Structures</h3><br>
<p>Three of the remaining five properties at the Nisbet Farm are categorized as structures on the NRHP listing. The silo and silo shed were built about 1935. The other two structures, a gravity feed water storage tank, and a windmill driven well, are part of the NRHP listing. The water tank was constructed with stone walls.</p><br>
<h3>Sites</h3><br>
<p>The areas at Nisbet Homestead Farm classified as "sites" include the only structure on the property (besides the Greek Revival home) to date back to 1863; and a 1909 constructed building called the "Basement Barn." The log cabin sits on a stone foundation and was constructed sometime before 1863 and after 1848.</p><br>
<p>Sandwich City Hall, which is also known as the Sandwich City Hall & Opera House, is the government center for the city of Sandwich, Illinois, in DeKalb County. The first floor of the building is occupied by city government while the second floor of the historic building houses an active opera house. Sandwich City Hall & Opera House is listed on the National Register of Historic Places and has been since 1979.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Construction and early years</h3><br>
<p>Sandwich City Hall was constructed in 1878. This building reflects the post-Civil War Second Empire style, meant to evoke the spirit of the early years after a war that broke apart the purer architectural styles and mingled together in a mixture of revival styles. The construction was funded by a bond issue of $10,000 approved by the mayor and city aldermen in Sandwich. Eventually, a $2,000 cost overrun required additional bond issues. The city turned over the design of the structure to local architects Enos and Israel Doan. The building was completed on schedule in January 1879. The finished product was 48 by 80 feet. The first floor had 12 foot ceilings while the second floor included a balcony and 22 foot ceilings.</p><br>
<p>The building became a complete community center when it was completed. The first floor housed the mayors office, the city clerks office, council room, visiting judges chambers, engine room and a marshalls office. The marshalls office had five jail cells. The upper floor of the building became the opera house. The opera house became an all-purpose theatre. It featured shows of all types, vaudevillian, Shakespearean, lectures, Womens Christian Temperance Union meetings, recitals, high school plays and graduations, church gatherings, firemen&#39;s ball and many other events. As other facilities became available to clientele the Opera House was left idle following World War II. City government offices continued to function within building despite the dormant theater above.</p><br>
<h3>New life</h3><br>
<p>A community group was responsible for Sandwich City Hall&#39;s placement on the National Register in 1979. A few years later in 1982 the group, the Association to Restore City Hall, was given tax-exempt status and received a grant of nearly $1.3 million from the Illinois Department of Commerce and Community Affairs in 1983. The grant covered 75% of restoration and construction costs and the restoration was completed in 1986.</p><br>
<p>The restoration also included an addition on the rear of the building. The addition provided for a community room on the first floor and on the second floor allowed for additional facilities for the opera house, including make up rooms and storage. Other areas to be restored and renovated included the foyers, the main entrance, the original walnut staircase on the west side of the building and a custom made stairway for the east are of the second floor was constructed. The police department and jail area ceased to be used in 1977 but the restoration incorporated it into the revamped structure. Though the jail area is now a women&#39;s restroom it still bears the old iron bars of the original jail cells, albeit fastened open.</p><br>
<p>When the restoration was completed in 1986 the city of Sandwich held a rededication ceremony that was attended by several state level political officials including then Lieutenant Governor George H. Ryan. The rededication was attended by numerous local officials as well.</p><br>
<p>The once-dormant Opera House portion of the city hall building is once again fully operational. With city government still operating on the first floor the opera house has a full season. Sandwich City Hall&#39;s second floor has become home to classical music performances, country-western ensembles, student recitals, bluegrass performances, dance, drama by the Indian Valley Theatre, pop performances, and numerous other events. The facility is available for rent based upon scheduling. In the first year following the 1986 restoration 18,725 people attended performances and programs of all types at the opera house.</p><br>
<p>The Leather District is a neighborhood of Boston near South Street, between the Financial District and Chinatown. The Leather District  is a tightly defined area bounded by Kneeland Street to the south, Essex Street to the north, Atlantic Avenue to the east and Lincoln Street to the west. It is so named due to the dominance of the leather industry in the late 19th century.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The district did not exist until Bostons land-making expansions filled in the former South Cove during the 1830s, making way for the development of this area as well as Chinatown. It was at first developed as a residential area, but became the center of the citys leather industry after the Great Boston Fire of 1872, which devastated the city&#39;s business district and led to the introduction of stringent commercial fire codes. The buildings constructed in this district between the 1880s and 1920 reflect these constraints, and the needs of the leather manufacturers to efficiently use their spaces. Ground floors were designed to showcase merchandise, and the second floors housed offices. Upper floors were used for storage, the top floors being reserved for the slowest-moving merchandise.</p><br>
<p>Many of the buildings were designed by architects, notably including Peabody and Stearns and Willard T. Sears, with a significant influence of the Richardsonian Romanesque style. The district is the most homogeneous 19th-century commercial district in the city, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.</p><br>
<p>Ashelford Hall is a building, erected in 1925, in the tiny community of Esmond which lies in western DeKalb County, Illinois, United States. The structure has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1995. Today, it is under private ownership and largely used for storage. In recent years it had served as an antiques store.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The stone block triangular building, near railroad tracks crossing through Esmond, was constructed in 1925. For the first several years of its history it served as a meeting place for the DeKalb County chapter of the South Grove Grange. The grange met there for a few years until they moved their meetings to the Creston Town Hall in Ogle County in 1933.</p><br>
<p>More recently, the building served as an antique store run by Pam Cunningham of Fairdale, Illinois. The store closed when Cunningham passed away in April 2005, more than a year after her son, Kevin Clewer, was found stabbed to death in his Chicago apartment.</p><br>
<h3>Early history</h3><br>
<h4>Men&#39;s club</h4><br>
<p>When the building was erected in 1925, it served as the center of the Esmond social scene. It was multi-functional, serving entertainment, recreation and meeting place purposes. On February 17, 1928, the Esmond Mens Community Club was organized in a meeting at Ashelford Hall. The club was organized to facilitate other community organizations and promote fellowship among the men of Esmond. The mens club met at Ashelford Hall every third Friday of the month for 24 years until a new school building was constructed in Esmond in 1951 and the club moved to facilities there.</p><br>
<p>The club itself was organized primarily by three influential Esmond businessmen: William Greenwood, a cashier at the Esmond State Bank; N.T. Gottschall, the pastor at Esmond Methodist Church; and Raymond Duell, the station agent at the Esmond Chicago Great Western Depot. The club&#39;s first meeting attracted a crowd and 52 people joined as charter members. Emmett Rand was elected club president with Greenwood becoming vice president. Duell was elected secretary-treasurer and served in that post until 1967.</p><br>
<p>The club served the community in a variety of ways. It sponsored a popular Fourth of July celebration and picnic. From 1925 to the 1930s, the generator at Ashelford Hall supplied power to the key buildings in Esmond. The Mens Club then undertook a successful project in 1930s to bring electricity to Esmond, thus eliminating the need for the Ashelford Hall generator. The Esmond Mens Community Club disbanded on December 11, 1974, with four charter members still active in the club.</p><br>
<h4>Entertainment</h4><br>
<p>From the beginning, Ashelford Hall served as a community center and entertainment venue. During the 1920s, a community orchestra performed at the building for various community and Grange events. The orchestra disbanded in the 1930s but Ashelford Hall continued to host a variety of entertainment events in its first two decades, including Vaudeville shows, medicine shows, parties, showers and wedding receptions, with the second floor serving as a popular dance hall. Weekends would feature performances by local bands and orchestras.</p><br>
<h4>South Grove Grange</h4><br>
<p>South Grove Grange No. 1838 was organized in 1925 by several members of the Willowdale Grange in DeKalb County and F.A. Jones of Peoria, Illinois. The Grange meetings were held at Ashelford Hall. There the farmers who were members of the Grange would meet to discuss new farming techniques and the farming market as well as see new product demonstrations. In 1929 a juvenile Grange was organized. By the early 1930s the adult Grange had 72 members, DeKalb County&#39;s largest such group.</p><br>
<p>The Sycamore Historic District is a meandering area encompassing 99 acre of the land in and around the downtown of the DeKalb County, Illinois county seat, Sycamore. The area includes historic buildings and a number of historical and Victorian homes. Some significant structures are among those located within the Historic District including the DeKalb County Courthouse and the Sycamore Public Library. The district has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since May 2, 1978.</p><br>
<p>There are over 200 properties within the irregular boundaries of the Sycamore Historic District. Of those, 187 are considered contributing properties to the historic district, and 22 are non-contributing. Of all of the district&#39;s homes and buildings 75% fit within the historic district concept. Some of the major structures include several prominent Queen Anne style mansions, the Sycamore library, the DeKalb County Courthouse, and dozens of mid- to late 19th-century houses.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The 1966 National Historic Preservation Act, which created the National Register of Historic Places, empowered individual states to create review boards to function with the state historical preservation officer. Illinois did not create its historic preservation program until the early 1970s, under the direction of the Illinois Department of Conservation. The Department of Conservation dispatched field surveyors to all Illinois counties to find anything that might qualify for inclusion on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The field surveyor who traveled to Sycamore in 1973 found a large number of late 19th and 20th century examples of architecture that he recommended the establishment of a historic district. The mayor of Sycamore then appointed a citizens&#39; committee to assist the state with the work involved in listing the district.</p><br>
<p>The residential areas within the district achieved their maturity before 1900, though Sycamore has grown considerably from the 3,330 or so that lived there from about 1900 until the 1970s most of the historic district remains intact as it was organized in 1978.</p><br>
<h2>Boundaries</h2><br>
<p>The Historic District is bounded by Somonauk Street on the west and Main Street on the east, a stretch of two blocks. On the north end the district is bounded by Page Street and extends to the end of South Main street. Main and Somonauk are both north/south roads while Page is an east/west street. The district also extends along State Street (Illinois Route 64) to the west until the 300 block. Somonauk Street is included through its 900 block. In addition section of Locust, Maple and California Streets are within the Sycamore Historic District. Other east/west streets also have portions included in the district, these are: Elm, High, Ottawa, Waterman and Lincoln.</p><br>
<p>The boundaries were drawn up by Robert Wagner, a Chicagoan who worked as a National Register assistant with the Illinois Department of Conservation. Wagner drew up the boundaries on the basis of "visual integrity.". This led to an irregular pattern of inclusion for the Sycamore Historic District. Often one side of the street will be in the district while the other side will not. In other cases, such as with the library or the USA Post Office an arbitrary line was drawn with the sole purpose of including a specific structure.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>Of the 226 properties within the Sycamore Historic District 40 are identified as "strongly contributing" to the overall character of the district. Twenty-one of those are ranked as the most significant structures in the district. The majority of the rest of the buildings date from 1860-1900.</p><br>
<h2>Properties</h2><br>
<p>Sycamore Historic District includes a combination of residential, commercial, government and religious buildings. A number of Victorian homes along Main Street are enclosed in the historic district as well as a number of buildings in downtown Sycamore. South of the courthouse are other homes included in the district, each important structure is marked with a plaque near the sidewalk.</p><br>
<p>226 properties are located within the Sycamore Historic District&#39;s 99 acre. Of all the homes and other buildings within the district a full 75% fit within the historic district concept.</p><br>
<h3>Churches</h3><br>
<p>As of 2007 there are five church buildings in the Sycamore Historic District. When it was nominated to join the National Register there were seven church buildings within the district. One of those included is a residential structure that was utilized as a church when it was first constructed; the Arthur Stark House was once home to the Sycamore Universalist Church congregation. In the time since its listing, two churches have been destroyed or demolished. The Evangelical Church of St. John was destroyed by fire in 2004 and the United Methodist Church in Sycamore is no longer extant, replaced by a modern office building. The extant churches are the Old Congregational Church, Bethel Assembly of God Church, St. Peters Church, the Universalist Church/Stark House and St. Marys Roman Catholic Church.</p><br>
<h3>Commercial buildings</h3><br>
<p>The commercial buildings in the Sycamore Historic District, located in Sycamore, Illinois, United States are mostly located in and around the city&#39;s downtown. The largest concentration of commercial contributing properties to the historic district are found along Illinois Route 64 as it passes through Sycamore. They include several buildings known as "blocks" which can consist of more than one adjacent and attached structure, as is the case with the Waterman Block, one of the Sycamore commercial buildings.</p><br>
<h3>DeKalb County Courthouse</h3><br>
<p>Possibly the gem of the Sycamore Historic District is the DeKalb County Courthouse. The Courthouse sits in the center of a square facing Illinois Route 64, directly across the north/south street, Main, from the Sycamore Public Library. It is a stunning example of Classical Revival architecture. The current structure was erected in 1905 being the third in a line of courthouses to serve DeKalb County.</p><br>
<h3>Frederick Townsend Garage</h3><br>
<p>This building on Main Street was originally a garage owned by Sycamore resident Frederick B. Townsend. Townsends Queen Anne style home overlooks the lot from a small incline. The distinctive stone structure was constructed in 1906 for use as a garage for the estate of Frederick B. Townsend, his former home is the Queen Anne mansion that overlooks the garage property. Today it is home to a restaurant. After the building left private ownership the property was exploited for commercial use and became a gas station. Despite the years and the changes in function the buildings historical character remains intact.</p><br>
<h3>George&#39;s Block</h3><br>
<p>Though quite altered from its original state in the mid 19th century Georges Block remains one of the more eye catching structures in the Historic District. The Georges Block was constructed in 1857 and was then known as the James Block, after the owner Daniel P. James. James, a prominent citizen, lived in the nearby Jerkin-roofed D. B. James House, another contributing property. By the 1860s the James name was gone but the building was still known as a block. Many buildings of the period were known as blocks, usually multi-story and multi-business, the buildings contained retail and professional space or, in the case of George&#39;s Block, lecture halls or auditoriums. In the first year the building existed such famous men as Horace Greeley, Charles Sumner and Bayard Taylor spoke there.</p><br>
<h3>Houses</h3><br>
<p>The houses in the Sycamore Historic District cross a variety of architectural styles and span from the 1830s to the early 20th century. There are 187 contributing properties within the historic district, 75% of the districts buildings. Many of the homes are associated with early Sycamore residents, usually prominent business leaders or politicians. Houses within the district are known by, either their street address or by a name associated with a prominent owner or builder. For most of the houses, the latter is true. Some of the more prominent homes include the Charles O. Boynton House, the Frederick B. Townsend House, David Syme House and the Carlos Lattin House.</p><br>
<h3>USA Post Office</h3><br>
<p>The USA Post Office Building in Sycamore is located along Illinois 64 (State Street), directly across the street from the Sycamore Public Library.</p><br>
<h3>Sycamore Public Library</h3><br>
<p>Sycamore Public Library, the only structure on the east side of Main Street, between State and Page Streets, that is included in the Sycamore Historic District. The library, still operational today, was constructed in 1905 with a combination of philanthropical gifts from different sources including Andrew Carnegie. The building was designed, in part, by architect Paul O. Moratz.</p><br>
<h2>Significance</h2><br>
<p>The district includes 226 properties over its 99 acre, of those, 187 are considered contributing members of the historic district. The buildings consist of a mix of residential, religious, commercial and governmental buildings. Many of the residential buildings are 2 or 2½ stories in height and feature generous setbacks from the street. These factors, along with the growth of mature shade trees, combine to give the streetscape a well-balanced and integrated look and feel. While the usage of the properties in Sycamore Historic District is similar to that in other small, Illinois county seats the district&#39;s properties are separated by their survival through the 20th century. The buildings themselves are most significant for their architecture which contributes to what the National Register of Historic Places nomination form in 1978 said conveyed "a gracious calm very close to the popular American image of an ideal small town."</p><br>
<p>The Elmwood Cemetery Gates mark the east and north entrances to the Elmwood Cemetery in Sycamore, Illinois. The cast iron gates were likely built in 1865, the year the cemetery opened and the one emblazoned on the gates, though records of their construction have been lost. While cast iron was commonly used for building facades at the time, the gates are a rare example of its use in landscape architecture. The gates have a Serlian design with a wide central road entry and narrower pedestrian gates on either side; square columns separate the gates. An arch bearing the cemetery&#39;s name rises above the center entrance, while lintels span the side entrances; both the arch and the lintels feature ornamental designs. The Illinois Historic Structures Survey described the gates as the best extant example of iron cemetery gate design in the state.</p><br>
<p>A number of prominent past citizens of both Sycamore and nearby DeKalb are buried in the cemetery.</p><br>
<p>The gates have been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since November 28, 1978.</p><br>
<p>The George Stickney House or simply Stickney House or Stickney Mansion is located in rural McHenry County, Illinois, in the small village of Bull Valley. The Stickney House is currently the Bull Valley Police Headquarters since 1985. The structure has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1979. The house is widely considered bizarre due to its design, which was based, in part, on George and Sylvia Stickney&#39;s belief in Spiritualism. This house continues to be the subject of several ghostlore stories.</p><br>
<h2>George and Sylvia Stickney</h2><br>
<p>George and Sylvia Stickney built this English country house in 1865. They chose such an isolated place for the peace and quiet and for their spiritualistic activities. Both of them were said to be accomplished mediums and they wanted to host parties and seances for their friends. The seclusion offered by the Illinois countryside made the perfect setting. The Stickneys may have drifted toward spiritualism as a way to communicate with their dead children; they had ten children but only three survived to adulthood. It is known that the family conducted seances on the second floor of the building, in Sylvia&#39;s ballroom. In the years since the house left the hands of the Stickney family, owners have reported supernatural occurrences.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The house itself was very unusual in its design. It has two stories, although the second floor was reserved for a ballroom that ran the entire length of the building. The house is actually very big for being built in the 1800s. Upstairs has two rooms, one with a bathroom, and down the hall is Sylvias ballroom that has three more rooms connecting to it. During the Civil War, the house also served as quarters for Federal soldiers and was home to the first piano in McHenry County. This was not why the house gained its fame though! The Stickneys insisted on adding distinctive features into the design of the house. These features, they assured the architect, would assist them when holding seances and gatherings at the property. They believed that spirits have a tendency to get stuck in 90 degree corners. It has also been suggested that the Stickneys believed that corners attracted the attention of evil spirits as well, a common belief in Spiritualist circles of the time. Therefore, the homes interior was designed with no 90 degree angles between the walls. Rumor has it that there is one 90 degree angle in the house, and this is also where George Stickney died. Not true, Richard confirmed that the house was searched and documented and there was no 90 degree angles found at the time of Georges death. He also confirmed that Georges death was never documented, so no one knows how he died.</p><br>
<h2>Ghostlore</h2><br>
<p>Today the mansion is occupied by the Village of Bull Valley and its police department.</p><br>
<p>In 2005 Bull Valley Police Chief Norbert Sauers described his experiences with possible paranormal events in the Stickney Mansion. Sauers said that village employees have heard numerous sounds that seem to defy explanation. He described hearing footsteps in the second floor ballroom, a room that today is used only as storage for village records but was used for seances when the Stickneys owned the mansion. The footstep sounds have extended out onto the stairwell at times. Other occurrences include hearing human sounding noises or voices. They sometimes even hear the toilets flushing when they are alone in the house.</p><br>
<p>The Chief said he has also personally experienced objects moving around on his desk, lights turning off and, door knobs turning and a door opening, seemingly by themselves, and voices from thin air, having once heard a shout in his ear when no one was around him. Another police officer in Bull Valley claims to have come face to face with an apparition of Stickney&#39;s father-in-law.</p><br>
<h2>Photo gallery</h2><br>
<p>Fall Creek Stone Arch Bridge is located near the Adams County town of Payson, Illinois. It spans Fall Creek about 1.2 miles northeast of Payson Road, upstream from the town. The bridge has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since November 7, 1996.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>It is largely unknown when the bridge was built but estimates put it somewhere in the early 19th century. The bridge&#39;s engineers and designers are lost to history as well yet their bridge remains.</p><br>
<p>The Fall Creek Stone Arch Bridge spans Fall Creek in a near perfect arc, a distance of 43 feet at a height of 35 feet from the creek. The bridge is constructed from limestone, gathered nearby. The records of its construction were lost in an 1880s fire.</p><br>
<p>The John Wood Mansion was built between 1835 and 1838 by John Wood, who in 1860 became the 12th governor of Illinois on the death of Governor William Bissell. The Wood family moved into the Greek Revival home situated at 12th and State Streets in Quincy, Illinois from an unusual two-story log cabin in 1837. Quincy is the county seat of Adams County. Wood founded both the county  and city .</p><br>
<p>Woods 14-room mansion was built by John Cleaveland and endured a move from its original site to its current location, about a block east, so Wood could build an even larger mansion. The Greek Revival building was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 17, 1970, and in 2007 was named by the Association of Independent Architects one of Illinois 150 most important architectural structures. The John Wood Mansion features four large Doric columns, which Wood himself turned at a lathe he built for that purpose, four large chimneys and many ornate details inside and out. A great many original Wood family and period furnishings are displayed throughout the mansion. Today it is owned and operated by the Historical Society of Quincy and Adams County.</p><br>
<p>The house is open for public tours from April through October. The Society also offers educational tours of the house to all local 3rd and 4th grade students each year, as well as special candlelight tours open to the public in December.</p><br>
<p>In celebration of the 2018 Illinois Bicentennial, the John Wood Mansion was selected as one of the Illinois 200 Great Places by the American Institute of Architects Illinois component (AIA Illinois).</p><br>
<p>The Morgan-Wells House, also known as the Norwood-Morgan-Wells House, was added to the United States National Register of Historic Places on November 16, 1977.</p><br>
<p>On October 17, 2016, the Quincy City Council approved a demolition permit for the Morgan-Wells House to allow the expansion of offices for the local newspaper. The Herald-Whig subsequently took title to the house and promptly demolished it.</p><br>
<p>The Robert W. Gardner House in Quincy, Illinois, Adams County, is designed in the Second Empire style  and found its place among the locales on the National Register of Historic Places on April 20, 1979. Though the building was constructed in the later half of the 19th century, 1873, the architect as well as the builder are unknown. The interior woodwork, all original, has been fully restored including the walnut staircase. Gardner invented the speed governor used in steam engines and the Gardner Museum of Architecture and Design in Quincy is named for him.</p><br>
<p>The Pabst Mansion is a grand Flemish Renaissance Revival-styled house built in 1892 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA for Captain Frederick Pabst , founder of the Pabst Brewing Company. In 1975 it was placed on the National Register of Historic Places, and is now a historic house museum, offering tours to the public.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1848, as a 12-year-old boy, Frederick Pabst immigrated with his family from Thuringia, Germany to Milwaukee. Frederick joined the Goodrich Line steamships, working his way up from cabin boy on ships sailing Lake Michigan, eventually to captain in 1857. In 1862 the young steamship captain married Maria Best, whose father owned Best and Company, one of the largest breweries in Milwaukee. In 1864 Pabst joined the family business and within a few years was leading it. By 1874 Best & Co. was the largest brewery in the USA, and in 1889 was renamed the Pabst Brewing Company.</p><br>
<p>Around 1890 Captain Pabst commissioned Milwaukee architect George Bowman Ferry to design a mansion in the Flemish Renaissance Revival style. On June 27, 1890, a building permit was issued for the construction of the home that would take two years to build. Ferry had designed a three-story house, dignified, with a pressed brick exterior, corner quoins, decorated with carved stone and terra cotta ornament. Hallmarks of the Flemish Renaissance Revival style are the symmetry and the shaped parapets that front the gable ends. Inside was originally a mens parlor decorated in mahogany on one side and a ladies parlor on the other, decorated in white enamel.</p><br>
<p>The Pabst family lived at the mansion from 1892 until 1908, when the Archdiocese of Milwaukee purchased the mansion. The archdiocese moved the Baroque-styled conservatory to the east side of the Pabst house, using it as the archbishop&#39;s chapel. For the next 67 years, five Archbishops as well as many priests and sisters lived at the Pabst mansion.</p><br>
<p>In 1975 the Archdiocese (which had previously wanted to have the grand house demolished) put the mansion up for sale, with the hope that a historic preservation group would purchase it and restore it to its former glory. In 1978, Wisconsin Heritages, Inc., purchased the mansion, opening it to the public in May of that year. Until the purchase, the mansion had been slated to be demolished to make way for a parking structure.</p><br>
<p>In 1998, Wisconsin Heritages, Inc., was renamed Captain Frederick Pabst Mansion, Inc. The mansion is open to the public, with daily tours.</p><br>
<p>The mansion was the set for a series of 1980 Boston Store holiday commercials. The mansion was also briefly pictured during season 4 of the television sitcom How I Met Your Mother as the childhood home of the character Robin Scherbatsky in the 2008 episode "Happily Ever After".</p><br>
<h3>Historic preservation</h3><br>
<p>The first restored room of the Pabst Mansion was the main Dining Room. The ceiling, cove, walls, and paintings above the doors were all painted white by the archdiocese. In order to find the original paint color, restorers took down three large mirrors on the eastern wall that had hung there since the Captain&#39;s residence. The archdiocese had painted around the mirrors, but not underneath. A perfect color palette was preserved from which the restorers used to repaint the other walls.</p><br>
<p>Recent historic preservation efforts are focusing on the Master Suite. In February and March 2011 paint analysis was performed on the ceilings of the Master Bedroom and Sitting Room. Found under layers of paint were palm fronds painted directly onto the ceiling in the four corners of the Sitting Room. Experts used pictures taken around 1900 to find the location of items painted on the ceiling that otherwise would have been lost. The most recent restoration work in Emma&#39;s Room/the Regency Room has been completed.</p><br>
<p>The Charles H. Hibbard House, in the McHenry County city of Marengo, Illinois, has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1979. The home, also known as the Cupola House, stood unoccupied on Grant Highway as of January 2007. In recent years the home had been classified by the Landmarks Preservation Council of Illinois  as one of the states threatened landmarks. In 2003 the property was listed on LPCIs "top ten most endangered" list. Some time after its 2003 the home underwent some renovation and no longer appears dilapidated on its exterior, as it did in a 2003 photo featured by the LPCI. In 2003 the house was listed as a landmark by the city of Marengo.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The home is a distinctive example of Italianate architecture. The homes namesake as Cupola House comes from the octagonal cupola on its roof which provides ventilation and it is thought served as a lookout tower during the Civil War. the first floor has two back bedrooms believed to have been servants quarters at one time. Upstairs, on the second floor, there are six bedrooms, a long hallway, a back staircase and bathroom.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Hibbard House has a fairly illustrious history, as houses go. Construction began in 1846 at the behest of Charles Hibbard, in 1847 the home was complete and the Hibbards moved in. The home was constructed as an exact replica of Hibbards childhood home and contains 14 rooms. Construction cost somewhere around $16,000. The property that the home is on was purchased as a 7 acre plot from Christopher Sponable. Hibbard came to Marengo by way of Charleston, South Carolina. He was one of Marengo&#39;s first storekeepers and was a known horticulturalist who was renowned for his produce. During the Civil War it is thought that the home was used as a safe stop for runaway slaves. The cupola played a key role in that if it was safe to stop, for food and lodging, a light would be hung in the cupola window. The home also contained a secret, underground room in the yard, it had a hidden entrance near the front porch.</p><br>
<p>Hibbard died in Lawson, Missouri in 1872 and by 1874 the home was owned by Joseph Dietz who ran a machine shop in Marengo around 1877. Dietz married Caroline Sponable, the first white child to be born in Seneca Township. Dietz owned the home until 1894 when records show that A.H. (C.H or H.L.) Hale bought the home and held it until 1950. A local teacher, Jane Stanford, purchased the home in 1950 and owned it until 1955. Stanford was well known as an educator and community leader. Mr. and Mrs. Francis (Mary) Muzzy owned the home from 1956 to 1980. Jane Stanfords niece, Mary Stanford Muzzy (daughter of Charles Stanford, Janes brother) and her husband purchased the home from her aunt&#39;s estate. Mary S. Muzzy Neal has owned the home since 1980. Mary Susan Neal lives in California and created a life there since before 1972 when she was admitted the state bar of California as an attorney.</p><br>
<p>The Quaintance Block was the first storefront in historic downtown Golden, Colorado, to be listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Built in 1911, it is a one-of-a-kind architectural landmark combining Victorian and presaging modern styles, featuring unique experimental glazed bricks. It is also fondly remembered among locals as the Spudnut Shop.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register in 1994.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Quaintance Block was originally built in 1911 directly on the southeast corner of 13th Street and Washington Avenue, just to the east of its present location. Charles F. Quaintance, a son of pioneers, built this as his new building to house, in its three storefronts, his photo shop (13th Street storefront), Quaintance Realty & Investment Company (corner storefront), and the law office of his brother Arthur (Washington Avenue storefront). A highly astute businessman and promoter, Quaintance strategically located his building across from both of Goldens tramway depots on the opposite corners, luring passengers by advertising his Castle Rock Resort overlooking town. Here, eager patrons would get their photos taken with burros, which would take them up the mountain, and while they were away, Quaintance developed their photos to be ready when the tourists returned. Meanwhile in 1912 the building also became the headquarters of the Herold China and Pottery Company, of which Quaintance served as secretary, which moved to its plant proper in 1914 and is prominent today as CoorsTek. After the Castle Rock Resort faded following the advent of the Denver Mountain Parks, Quaintance concentrated on other pursuits, and after he moved to Denver in 1919 turned over active possession of the building and investment company to his father Brough and the photo shop to other owners. In 1923 the building was moved 65 feet west to make way for downtowns first stand-alone service station (a Conoco) on the corner, facing upon a courtyard with rooftop billboard shifted east. After Brough Quaintance&#39;s death in 1946 the investment company ceased operation.</p><br>
<p>The building was sold to Ernie Waters, who converted it into the Golden Furniture Store, later owned by Cliff Evans. After Evans consolidated it with another furniture store that he purchased on Washington Avenue, Leonard and Pat Dunn opened the Spudnut Shop here in 1953. Quickly becoming beloved among Goldenites, it was a shop of the national chain which sold, from Alaska to Mexico, delicious donuts made from potato flour ("spud"nuts). Customers often bought them at the shop, while Dunn also sent out delivery boys carrying baskets of Spudnuts, whom he called his "little businessmen". Later owned by Eleanor Laseman, the shop closed when its space was annexed by neighboring Jeffco Blueprints office supply store in 1984. After this closed, the building was faithfully restored to its original appearance in 1990 under direction of Conrad and Ingrid Gardner, becoming home to among other tenants the Gardner law office as the longest office home of Golden&#39;s longest practicing attorney Conrad E. Gardner (52 years). It continues housing multiple tenants today and has housed 14 businesses of the legal profession over time, including those of three judges. The Quaintance Block was designated a Golden and Colorado landmark in 1993 and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994. It is one of the rare moved buildings to have achieved such high designation, in recognition of its architecture.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The unique design of the Quaintance Block has long defied simple explanation and has fascinated the preservation community for years. It is made of experimental enameled bricks from the United States Glazed Brick & Pottery works, which operated during the 1910s on far West 8th Street in Golden. It is one of only four known remaining buildings using these bricks including Denver Union Station, the Maas Residence at 423 10th Street in Golden, and Byron White United States Courthouse, all of which are either listed upon or officially determined eligible for the National Historic Register. The bricks, made with white enamel fused to the brick body through a single firing process, were renowned in their time for their beauty, quality like fine china, and would not crack or craze. In overall design, the storefront is premodernist but features a pressed metal cornice looking back on earlier times, even ancient times with its Greek styling. However, its predominantly white walls and geometry look forward to art nouveau and modernist design, while its brickwork quoins complete the unusual design. The Quaintance Block was designed and constructed by architect James H. Gow, locally raised and educated at Jarvis Hall college.</p><br>
<p>Ampthill is a plantation located in Cartersville, Virginia, United States, roughly 45 minutes west of Richmond, and just over an hour south of Charlottesville. The property is listed on both the National Register of Historic Places and the Virginia Landmarks Register.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Site history</h3><br>
<p>In 1714 Charles Fleming took on a land patent of 670 acres (2.7 km) with the intent to cultivate it. The land, however, "lapsed" and was later granted to Thomas Randolph in 1722. This area was later included in a tract made up of 2870 acres (11.6 km), which was later known as "Clifton." But it was this initial purchase of the 670 acres (2.7 km) would form "The Fork," known for its position on the James and Willis Rivers. It would later become Ampthill. In 1724, Randolph sold to Robert "King" Carter, then the wealthiest landowner in Virginia.</p><br>
<p>In his will dated 22 August 1726, King Carter willed the 2870 acre (11.6 km) tract to his then-unborn grandson, stipulating that the child carry the Carter name. Some time later, Anne Carter and Major Benjamin Harrison of Berkley Plantation, christened a son, Carter Henry, who later became the owner of the property known as "Clifton" in Cumberland County, Virginia.</p><br>
<p>Carter Henry Harrison moved to Clifton upon graduation from law school. There, he raised his family and wrote the Cumberland Resolutions, which were presented to the community from the steps of the Effingham Tavern. These resolutions were later incorporated into the Virginia Resolutions and were the basis for the Declaration of Independence, written by Harrison&#39;s nephew, Thomas Jefferson.</p><br>
<h3>Ampthill</h3><br>
<p>Carter Henry Harrison died in 1793. In his will, Carter Henry willed Clifton to his son, Randolph, and The Fork to his son Robert. Robert sold The Fork to Shadrack Vaughan in 1804. Randolph later repurchased the property in 1815. The Fork was a clapboard structure of no more than three bedrooms. In 1815, the decision was made to add an addition to the existing manor. Randolph called upon his cousin, Thomas Jefferson, to design the brick addition that exists today. These plans exist today on file with the University of Virginia. The addition began its first phases of construction in 1835 and was completed in 1837. The two "houses" were separate for a number of years until a one-story passageway was built to connect the two. After the construction of the brick addition was completed the structure was renamed Ampthill.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.</p><br>
<p>Hard times and poor planning saw Ampthill pass from family member to family member over the years, finally falling out of the family&#39;s hands in 1923. Ampthill was then purchased by J. Rodgers and I. M. Baker, but as they were unable to meet the financial obligations of their mortgage, the land was then purchased by Frank Baber in 1933. This sale was never officially recorded, so Inez M. Baker, William Abernathy Baker and Irving Marshall Baker purchased the home from the Federal Land Bank in Baltimore and Frank and Mary Tyler Baber in 1936. The house was then sold to Dorothy Des Leal Neville and John Neville, who defaulted. Ampthill and the existing land was then auctioned and purchased by Thomas G. Hardy and Andrew E. Godsey in 1952. In November of that year, the Rea family purchased the home from the Hardys and the Godseys. The Rea family lived at Ampthill for a number of years and sold the home in 1986 to the Saunders family, who were descended from the Harrison line that originally lived at Ampthill.</p><br>
<p>The Saunders later moved from the property and in 1998, the property was purchased by George Costen of Charlottesville. Beginning in 1999 and for a number of years that followed, Ampthill went under a major historic restoration, which included a near reconstruction of one of the outbuildings, which served as a garage for the Rea family for a number of years.</p><br>
<p>Ampthill was a bed and breakfast and enjoys the prestige of being the only privately owned Jeffersonian property in Virginia. Her windows are the original glass. Ampthill exists today on 60 acre of the original 2870 acres (11.6 km), is the home to 40 head of cattle and includes the manor house, four outbuildings and the barn, which dates to 1920, by far the youngest standing structure on the property.</p><br>
<p>Wapiti Ranger Station is the oldest United States Forest Service ranger station in the United States. The station is in Shoshone National Forest west of Cody, Wyoming, and has been used continuously since it was built in 1903. On May 23, 1963, Wapiti Ranger Station was designated as a National Historic Landmark, and placed on the National Register of Historic Places on October 15, 1966.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Wapiti Ranger Station is 30 mi west of Cody on the north side of USA Route 14/16/20, between Cody and the east entrance to Yellowstone National Park. The original 1903 building now stands amid a cluster of more modern Forest Service buildings, from which it is set off by a rail fence. It is a single-story log structure, with a low-pitch gabled roof. Modern extensions to the rear give the building a U shape, and its interior has been modernized, as it continues to serve an active role in forest management.</p><br>
<p>Shoshone National Forest was the first national forest to be created in the United States, in 1891. The forest was enlarged over the following decade, to the point where it administratively required division. The Wapiti Ranger Station was built in 1903 by W. H. Pierce, the first administrator of the forest&#39;s Shoshone division. The station was the first forest service ranger station built with federal funding. Constructed with native forest timber, the structure is maintained regularly, with some recent improvements – such as replacing some rotting timber – implemented in 2005.</p><br>
<p>A location called Wapiti Station is featured in the 2016 game Firewatch, which is set in the Shoshone National Forest. However, its depiction and location within the forest do not resemble Wapiti Ranger Station.</p><br>
<p>The Nathaniel Russell House is an architecturally distinguished, early 19th-century house at 51 Meeting Street in Charleston, South Carolina, United States. Built in 1808 by wealthy merchant and slave trader Nathaniel Russell, it is recognized as one of the United States&#39; most important neoclassical houses. It was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1973.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1765, Nathaniel Russell relocated from Rhode Island to Charleston, where he prospered as a slave merchant. In 1788, at the age of 50, he married Sarah Hopton, the daughter of an affluent Charleston family. As one of Charleston&#39;s more prominent citizens, Russell required a residence commensurate with his status. He began construction of his house in 1803, and completed it five years later (at the age of 70).</p><br>
<p>Nathaniel and Sarah Russell had two daughters, Alicia Hopton Russell and Sarah Russell Dehon. Dehon inherited her fathers house and lived there until her death in 1857, after which her children sold it to Robert Allston, a prominent rice planter who lived there while he was governor of South Carolina. In 1870, Allstons executors sold it to the Sisters of Our Lady of Mercy, who used it as a boarding school until 1905, when the Mullally and Pelzer families converted it back to private use. In 1953, the owners offered the house for sale and in 1955, having failed to find a buyer, proposed subdividing the property. Historic Charleston Foundation, formed in 1947, resolved to preserve it intact, raised $65,000 (~$ in ), bought the house and grounds, and soon thereafter opened the house to the public.</p><br>
<p>In 1995, the foundation began a multi-year program of research and reconstruction to restore the house&#39;s architectural details and interior finishes to their 1808 appearance.</p><br>
<p>Grants and donations have enabled the foundation to acquire a significant collection of objects with a Charleston provenance, allowing it to show visitors an interpretation of the lifestyle of Charleston&#39;s early 19th-century merchant class.</p><br>
<p>The Nathaniel Russell House was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1960 and added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.</p><br>
<p>In December 2023, after a year-long self-study, the board of Historic Charleston Foundation decided to sell the house and use the proceeds to support its other interests. Following an intense backlash from the preservation community, donors, and others, the board of directors of Historic Charleston Foundation reversed course and voted to retain the museum house in January 2024.</p><br>
<h2>House and grounds</h2><br>
<h3>Architecture</h3><br>
<p>Russell commissioned an unknown architect to build a large townhouse in the then fashionable Federal style. Sited on a large lot in downtown Charleston, the house is rectangular in plan, three stories tall, and faced in gray Carolina brick. A bracketed cornice and paneled balustrade separate the walls from the low hip roof, concealing it from view to better express the pure geometrical shapes of the house.</p><br>
<p>The more important facades—the entrance facade, facing east, and the garden facade, facing south—are treated formally and arranged symmetrically. The windows of the second, most important story, the "bel etage", are the tallest; all 11 are capped with marble voussoirs and set into niches with red brick arches. The whole ensemble is connected by a continuous stone string course, creating a kind of architectural necklace running around the house&#39;s east and south sides.</p><br>
<p>The entrance facades principal feature is its single-leaf, faux-grained, eight-paneled door, capped by an elliptical fanlite and flanked by four fluted pilasters. On the floor above, an elegant iron balcony with bowed, elliptical projections bearing the monogram "NR" spans the facades full three-bay width.</p><br>
<p>The south side&#39;s principal feature is the polygonal bay rising the full height of the house. A second balcony, as light and elegant as the first but lacking the monograms, wraps around the bay, emphasizing the preeminence of the second story.</p><br>
<p>An elaborate tripartite window dominates the north facade, placed to sit indoors between landings of the house&#39;s elliptical staircase.</p><br>
<p>The house is 9,600 ft&sup2; with 6,000 ft&sup2; of living area.</p><br>
<h3>Interior</h3><br>
<p>The house&#39;s interior exemplifies the neoclassical style (often called Federal style in the United States; late-Georgian or Adam style in Great Britain; and Louis Seize in France), popular during the last two decades of the 18th century and the first two of the 19th. In their interior design, neoclassical architects and craftsmen often created rooms in a variety of geometrical shapes (square, circular, ovoid, elliptical), embellished with elaborate plaster decoration and striking polychrome. The Nathaniel Russell House has three main rooms per floor, each of different geometric designs: a rectangular room in front; a central oval room, and a square room in the rear.</p><br>
<h4>First floor</h4><br>
<p>The rectangular entrance hall has a black-and-white diamond-patterned floorcloth edged with a leaf motif. The adjacent office was where Russell conducted business. Separating the public rooms at the front of the house from the more private rooms used by the family, wide faux-grained double doors with glazed rosette patterned insets and an elliptical, fan-shaped transom give access to the golden-walled stair hall that showcases the houses best-known architectural feature, the cantilevered spiral staircase, which rises to the third floor. The asymmetrical hall is illuminated by a Palladian window and ornamented by trompe-lœil painting resembling a plaster cornice and an elliptical medallion painted by Charleston artisan Samuel O&#39;Hara. Off the central stair hall is the oval dining room, with turquoise walls that appear painted but are small squares of unpatterned wallpaper bordered with red and gold interlocking rings above cypress wainscoting painted white. The heart-pine floors and the wood interior shutters are original. At the rear of the house is a square parlor that was enlarged at a later date to connect the house to the kitchen, and was used by the family for everyday dining.</p><br>
<h4>Second floor</h4><br>
<p>The second-floor oval drawing room, to which the women of the house retired after dinner, is the houses most decorated room. Papered in apricot, its elaborate plaster moldings are embellished with 24-karat gold leaf. Plinth blocks at the base are painted to resemble lapis lazuli. The fireplace mantles Adam-style ornamentation are among the city&#39;s most detailed. The curved entry doors are faux-grained to resemble flame-grained mahogany on the exterior and tortoise shell on the interior. Curved, mullioned mirrors on one side of the room balance the windows on the other and reflect light into the room.</p><br>
<p>The large rectangular withdrawing room at the front of the house has soft gray walls and white wainscoting topped by a multilayered gilded cornice. The windows are surrounded by tall slender pilasters and overhanging entablatures that give the walls character. With windows on three sides, the room was used primarily during the day to take advantage of the daylight and breezes. At the rear of the house is a square master bedroom; additional bedrooms are on the third floor. Though most of the art and furniture displayed in the house is not original to the Nathaniel Russell House, it is from the period when the Russell family inhabited the house, and much is of Charleston origin.</p><br>
<h3>Grounds</h3><br>
<p>The house and grounds are separated from the street by a wrought iron fence set atop a low brick wall, with an iron entrance gate flanked by tall brick piers capped with limestone ball finials. To the south of the house is the garden that was originally laid out in a geometric arrangement with patterned beds of flowers, ornamental shrubs, and large orange and grapefruit trees. Today there is a formal English garden with gravel paths, boxwood hedges, and plants favored in the 19th century. In the rear of the house is the two-story slave quarters where many of the house&#39;s estimated 18 slaves lived.</p><br>
<p>Ellicott’s Rock is a survey marker placed in 1811 by Andrew Ellicott as part of his survey to resolve the boundary dispute between the USA states of Georgia and North Carolina.</p><br>
<h2>Dispute</h2><br>
<p>The boundary dispute involved a brief armed conflict between the two called the Walton War, followed by an 1807 survey that Georgia refused to accept.</p><br>
<p>Ellicott, hired by Georgia, undertook a new survey that confirmed the earlier line. He engraved a large rock in the Chattooga River with "N-G", standing for North Carolina - Georgia.</p><br>
<p>The location had been prescribed in part in 1787 by the Treaty of Beaufort, though the river was not named explicitly, but rather as a then-undiscovered tributary of the Savannah River between Georgia and South Carolina.</p><br>
<p>The nominal latitude of 35°N was later specified by the USA Congress.</p><br>
<p>Two years after Ellicott&#39;s survey, commissioners representing North Carolina and South Carolina marked a different large rock along the Chattooga River bank with the inscription "Lat 35 AD 1813 NC + S.C." as the juncture where the South Carolina and North Carolina state lines joined.</p><br>
<p>The rock marked by the commissioners in 1813, rather than the rock marked by Ellicott in 1811, is often mistakenly called Ellicott Rock or Ellicott&#39;s Rock. To clarify this misnomer, it is also called Commissioners Rock; it is commonly accepted as the tripoint where the boundary lines of South Carolina, North Carolina, and Georgia meet.</p><br>
<p>There are two versions in print on the distance between the two rocks. One is that Ellicotts original rock was 500 ft upstream. In the other story, the rocks are much closer. De Harts South Carolina Trails guide said that they are a "few feet apart." In the North Carolina trail guide, he said Commissioner Rock is "ten feet downstream."</p><br>
<p>This rock was listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1973, and is located in Ellicott Rock Wilderness.</p><br>
<p>Neither of the rocks is actually on the 35th parallel as Congress specified. That line is actually located about 230 ft to the south of Ellicott Rock (USGS GNIS coordinates), as shown on Google Maps.</p><br>
<p>A midpoint several miles to the west is actually much further off, by over a mile in the opposite direction, creating the only significant bend in the otherwise-straight border between the two states.</p><br>
<p>The only endpoint actually at 35°N is at the Mississippi River, the error affecting Tennessee (created in 1796 from North Carolina), as well as the Mississippi Territory (now Alabama and Mississippi), created mostly from Georgia&#39;s Yazoo lands.</p><br>
<p>Because the error was on the part of Georgia (by allegedly not supplying Ellicott with the proper surveying equipment), and because Georgia failed to appeal in a reasonable amount of time (acquiescence), the boundary permanently remains offset, leading to a modern dispute over water in the Tennessee River near Chattanooga, where a small part of Nickajack Lake would have been in Georgia were it not for the errors in Ellicott&#39;s survey.</p><br>
<p>Desert View Watchtower, also known as the Indian Watchtower at Desert View, is a 70 ft-high stone building located on the South Rim of the Grand Canyon within Grand Canyon National Park in Arizona, United States. The tower is located at Desert View, more than 20 mi to the east of the main developed area at Grand Canyon Village, toward the east entrance to the park. The four-story structure, completed in 1932, was designed by American architect Mary Colter, an employee of the Fred Harvey Company who also created and designed many other buildings in the Grand Canyon vicinity including Hermit&#39;s Rest and the Lookout Studio. The interior contains murals by Fred Kabotie.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The watchtower was the last of the series of Mary Colter-designed visitor concession structures at the Grand Canyon until her renovation of the Bright Angel Lodge in 1935. The tower was designed to resemble an Ancestral Puebloan watchtower, but its size dwarfs any known Pueblan-built tower. The closest prototypes for such a structure may be found at Hovenweep National Monument. The structure is composed of a circular coursed masonry tower rising from a rubble base. The base was intentionally designed to convey a partly ruinous appearance, perhaps of an older structure on which the watchtower was later built. The base is arranged within a large circle with the tower to the north. Tiny windows are irregularly disposed, some of which are themselves irregular in shape. The main space is the Kiva Room in the base structure, apparently roofed with logs that were salvaged from the old Grandview Hotel. The ceiling is a false structure concealing the roof structure that supports an observation deck. The Kiva Room features a fireplace with a large picture window directly above where the chimney would ordinarily go. Smoke is drawn away through an offset, concealed flue. The room still contains its original furnishings, which are part of the historic designation. A separate, apparently ruinous structure was actually built in that form to provide a storage place for firewood.</p><br>
<p>The tower rises as an open shaft lined by circular balconies overlooking the central space. Access from balcony to balcony is provided by small stairways. At the top the space is decked over, creating an enclosed observation level with large glazed windows. An open observation area on the roof of this space is now closed to visitors and is used for radio equipment. The steel and concrete structure of the observation level is concealed behind plaster, stone and wood. The tower is decorated by bold murals by Fred Kabotie, with other, petroglyph-style decorations by Fred Geary. Small windows in the tower&#39;s shaft let beams of light into the lower space. The tower also features a number of "reflectoscopes" – black mirrors to reflect the view of the canyon in a more abstract style, providing visitors an alternative view of the Canyon.</p><br>
<h2>Design</h2><br>
<p>Mary Colter spent six months researching archeological prototypes and construction techniques before building a model of the site, studying the design of the tower using clay. Before the final design was completed Colter had a 70 ft platform built to assess the views from the proposed site. Engineering was provided by the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway. Colter was responsible for selecting Kabotie and Geary to decorate the interior. Geary&#39;s rock art paintings are copies of now-destroyed petroglyphs at Abo, New Mexico, and may be their only surviving representation.</p><br>
<h2>Historic district</h2><br>
<p>In addition to its individual designation as part of the M.E.J. Colter Buildings National Historic Landmark, the Watchtower is part of the Desert View Watchtower Historic District, which includes a number of support structures built and used by the Fred Harvey Company, and later used by the National Park Service. Significant buildings include the Desert View Caretakers Residence (1930), the oldest extant structure in the area. This rustic stone and wood house was initially built as a rest stop for Harveycar tours right on the canyon rim, and was moved to its present location when the Watchtower was built. Fred Kabotie may have lived here while he was the Watchtowers caretaker. Several other buildings, including cabins, sheds and a comfort station are included in the historic district.</p><br>
<h2>Historic designation</h2><br>
<p>The bottom floor of the tower now contains a gift shop while the upper floors serve as an observation deck from which visitors to the national park can view eastern portions of the Grand Canyon.</p><br>
<p>In 2008, two tourists were banned from all American national parks for the period of a year after using white-out and permanent marker to correct the punctuation on a sign on the Desert View Watchtower, which had been painted by Colter.</p><br>
<p>The Van Allen Building, also known as Van Allen and Company Department Store, is a historic commercial building at Fifth Avenue and South Second Street in Clinton, Iowa. The four-story building was designed by Louis Sullivan and commissioned by John Delbert Van Allen . Constructed 1912–1914 as a department store, it now has upper floor apartments with ground floor commercial space. The exterior has brick spandrels and piers over the structural steel skeletal frame. Terra cotta is used for horizontal accent banding and for three slender, vertical applied mullion medallions on the front facade running through three stories, from ornate corbels at the second-floor level to huge outbursts of vivid green terra cotta foliage in the attic. There is a very slight cornice. Black marble facing is used around the glass show windows on the first floor. The walls are made of long thin bricks in a burnt gray color with a tinge of purple. Above the ground floor all the windows are framed by a light gray terra cotta. The tile panels in Dutch blue and white pay tribute to Mr. Van Allen&#39;s Dutch heritage of which he was quite proud. . The Van Allen Building was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1976 for its architecture.</p><br>
<p>Rather unusually, Van Allen and Sullivan planned the building around intended use of the interior space. The men carefully laid out floor plans and designed displays, showcases, and aisles before creating plans for the building itself. The main floor of the new store was for general dry goods and mens furnishings. The second floor was womens costumes, and the third floor household fabrics, bedding and rugs. The top floor was not planned for immediate use and intended as an area for future growth. The resulting interior design included a plan with only two interior column lines on all four floors, creating open interiors for shopping. The column lines feature three rows of interior columns spanning east–west, which allowed for three spacious retail bays averaging over 28 feet in width.</p><br>
<p>The exterior of the building was designed to have urban appeal with plain surfaces, clean lines and harmonious proportions. In order to avoid anonymity amongst other buildings, the structure features ornamentation with a strong sense of Sullivans signature natural design motifs. Themes of dark brick and terra cotta ornamentation dominate the buildings exterior design. The clean and simple lines and earth tones were intended to complement three unique ornamental terra cotta mullions. While at first glance, the mullions appear to be little more than creative personal flourish on the part of Sullivan, careful study of the buildings structure reveals the genius behind the design. Sullivan used the ornamental mullions to visually correct imbalances in the buildings proportions which were the result of designing the interior spaces first. Additionally, the decorative mullions serve to accentuate the height of the building and emphasize the wide spans of the interior aisles which made the building so unique.</p><br>
<p>Louis Sullivan was recommended as the architect by F.H. Shaver of the Peoples Savings Bank in Cedar Rapids, Iowa in a letter dated September 20, 1910. In addition to mentioning the work that Sullivan was doing for him, Mr. Shaver mentioned Sullivans Transportation Building at the 1893 World Columbian Exposition, the Auditorium Hotel and Carson Pirie Scott in Chicago, with special mention of the National Farmers Bank of Owatonna, Minnesota and the fact that Mr. Sullivan was decorated for his work by the French government. He concluded his letter by stating, "The interesting feature of this whole matter is that Mr. Sullivan does not charge more than other architects."</p><br>
<p>On March 20, 1911, Mr. Sullivan wrote Mr. Van Allen stating, "I shall take pleasure in handling your work, and will be pleased to see you at any time, as I am now building a church as well as a bank in Cedar Rapids, Iowa."</p><br>
<p>On April 3, 1912, Mr. Sullivan wrote Mr. Van Allen stating, "My feeling is moving away from white enamelled terra cotta into a conception of brick and terra cotta in soft low tones. I trust you will follow me with your approval as this design seems to tend this way of its own accord: That is, with a sort of logic of its own."</p><br>
<p>Mr. Van Allen&#39;s granddaughter, Mary Jane Case (1917–2004), has described how her grandfather related to her that Mr. Sullivan would sit on a keg of nails across the street from the building when it was under construction and direct the work on the building.</p><br>
<p>The Howes Building is a historic building located in Clinton, Iowa, United States. The four-story, brick, Neoclassical structure features arched windows, pilasters, and a chamfered corner. At one time it had a prominent entrance on the corner that was flanked by columns in the Doric order. The columns remain in place even though the entrance has been modified. The architect for the first three stories, finished in 1900, was Josiah Rice. The fourth story, finished five years later, was designed by John Morrell. Both were local architects, Morrell having purchased the Rice firm in 1903. The contractor was John Lake. Edward M. Howes had the building constructed during a period of population and economic growth in Clinton. The two upper floors have housed the offices of local professionals. The first and second floors have housed various retail establishments, including Klines Department Store, Stage Department Store, Jefferson Billiards Shop, Metzger and Cavanaugh Mens Tailors, and the Kaybee Store. The building has been listed in the National Register of Historic Places since 2004.</p><br>
<p>The John A. Davis House, also known as Albany Little Theatre, is the home of a theater, Theatre Albany.</p><br>
<p>The house, which has architectural distinction, was built in about 1853, and a contemporary theater with no architectural pretensions was added at the rear in the 1960s. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<p>The house was originally built as an Italianate villa with a central brick tower flanked by one-story wooden porches. A Classical Revival portico and porches were added in the early 1900s.</p><br>
<p>The 1849 Terwilliger House is a Registered Historic Place in the McHenry County, Illinois, village of Bull Valley. The Greek Revival house is topped with a square cupola and surrounded by a columned porch. Rumors persist that the home was once a part of the Underground Railroad.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Samuel Terwilliger was the third settler of Nunda Township in McHenry County, Illinois, after George Stickney and Benjamin McOmber. Arriving in 1836, he was the first farmer in the region, and his son was the first child in the township born to a settler. Terwilliger married the daughter of the neighboring property. Combining the two properties, he built a Greek Revival estate in 1849. Oral history suggests that the house may have been a stop on the Underground Railroad. The house remained in ownership of Terwilliger descendants for at least 141 years. On May 14, 1979, the house was recognized by the National Park Service with a listing on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The two-story house is square, with entrances on the east, south, and north. The house is built on a foundation of fieldstone and locally produced soft red brick. The east facade features two windows flanking the door and four regularly spaced windows on the second floor. The doors on the north and south are off center, with three windows on each side — one to the east and two to the west. The walls are built with the same soft red brick as the foundation. The Greek Revival porch dominates the southern, eastern, and northern facades with large Doric columns. The roof is hipped with a slight pitch. A cupola is at the center of the house; it is large enough to serve as a bedroom. A kitchen extension was constructed at the rear on the west side in the 1890s.</p><br>
<h2>Photo gallery</h2><br>
<p>The Orson Rogers House is listed on the National Register of Historic Places and located in the McHenry County, Illinois city of Marengo. The property consists of several outbuildings, currently and in the past, as well, those buildings are and were mostly agriculture related.</p><br>
<h2>Ownership</h2><br>
<p>The home was owned by the Orson Rogers family from 1847 until around 1869. William Boies owned the farmstead from 1869 and held it until the early part of the 20th century. Boies was the owner of a well-known dairy and creamery. From 1920 until 1961 Jesse Jackson owned the Rogers House and in 1961 it was purchased by Willis and Wilma Brown. Willis Brown had inherited the home from his grandparents. Robert and Beverly Kling purchased the home in 1979, the year it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Today the home is still owned by their daughter Candace Kling.</p><br>
<h2>Orson Rogers</h2><br>
<p>Orson Rogers, the homes namesake, was born in Middletown, Vermont in 1814. In the late 1830s he and his wife, Mary, moved, by wagon, from Vermont to the Marengo, Illinois area. Rogers parents accompanied him and his wife on the relocation. Originally, Rogers settled in a town he liked called Coral. In the 1840s the area was home to a number of Native American settlements and the Rogers&#39; were among the first white settlers of the Marengo area. Rogers built the first log cabin schoolhouse in the area and taught there as well. In the 1850s his farming savvy led him to purchase the revolutionary McCormick Reapers.</p><br>
<p>The Old McHenry County Courthouse, in McHenry County, Illinois, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on November 1, 1974. Once the courthouse in the county seat of McHenry County, Woodstock, today the courthouse is occupied by various private tenants including a restaurant and an art gallery. It is one of the key structures in the Woodstock Square Historic District.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The 1857 Italianate Old Courthouse was constructed to closely resemble the 1853 Cook County Courthouse (which was eventually destroyed during the Great Chicago Fire). The structure was designed by John M. Van Osdel, the first licensed architect in Chicago. The adjoining structure, the Sheriffs House and Jail was built in 1887. It was there, in the Sheriffs House and Jail that Eugene Debs was held for his refusal to comply with an injunction during the Pullman Strike. Until 1973 McHenry County government offices were located in the Old Courthouse. When the government moved out, the building was threatened with demolition, as it stood on prime commercial property. On November 1, 1974, it was recognized by the National Park Service on the National Register of Historic Places. Eight years later it was listed as a contributing property to the Woodstock Square Historic District, a 13 acre corridor in downtown Woodstock. Today the two buildings house two restaurants, one in each building, and art gallery (in the courthouse), a pottery shop (in the jail building) and the Chester Gould-Dick Tracy Museum.</p><br>
<h3>Chester Gould-Dick Tracy Museum</h3><br>
<p>Chester Gould, creator of Dick Tracy comic strips, was a 50-year Woodstock resident. The Chester Gould-Dick Tracy Museum features original comic strips and Dick Tracy memorabilia and collectibles including artifacts related to the character&#39;s depiction in radio, television and film. The Museum closed its doors in June 2008 and went virtual.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Old McHenry County Courthouse faces the Woodstock public square. The Italianate structure was built out of brick with limestone trim. With four identical, 20 x wings around a 44 ft&sup2; core, the building resembles a Greek cross. The building stands two stories tall with a brick basement. A cupola is found at the center of the cross. A bay was later added to the southern wing, and small additions were made from the judge&#39;s chamber and a vault. The southwest corner has a one-story addition. The jail was originally found in the basement, but was moved to a new building along the north wall in the 1870s.</p><br>
<p>The William W. Marsh House in Sycamore, Illinois, the county seat of DeKalb County, has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since 1978. The 1873 house was home to William W. Marsh, an inventor and is located along Illinois Route 64 as it passes through Sycamore. The Marsh House was built in the Italianate style and contains distinctive Italianate elements such as a cupola, a low pitched roof and eaves supported by corbels.</p><br>
<p>The Adolphus W. Brower House, in Sycamore, Illinois, has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since February 14, 1979. The home is located on Illinois Route 64 as it passes through the DeKalb County seat of Sycamore as DeKalb Avenue. The Italianate structure, constructed of stone and asphalt, was erected in 1876 by Sycamore merchant Adolphus W. Brower. It is also known as the George F. Beasley House.</p><br>
<p>The James Wadsworth Rossetter House is a historic home in the USA located at 1320 Highland Avenue, Melbourne, Florida. The original address of the home was 1328 Houston Street. On July 27, 2005, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places. The house is owned by The Rossetter House Foundation, Inc., managed by the Florida Historical Society, and part of the Historic Rossetter House Museum.</p><br>
<p>The Dr. Willard Van Orsdel King House is an historic USA home in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. It is located at 1336 Seabreeze Boulevard. It was built in 1951 and is an architectural example of the Mid-century modern design movement. On February 21, 2006, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The three bedroom home was designed by William F. Bigoney to be bright but cool in the subtropic environment. A large central room with two walls of windows is the central axis of the building. It was built in the beginning of the post war development boom in Fort Lauderdale. Entomologist Willard Van Orsdel King who worked in mosquito control lived in the home.</p><br>
<h2>Building</h2><br>
<p>The building is solid concrete block with an irregular floor plan resting on a poured concrete slab. A crescent shaped driveway leads to the front (west) of the building. This view is dominated by a trapezoidal car port (2 car). The north and south elevations are fronted by patios with doors leading into a central room. The house has approximately 2,000 square feet of living space. The attached carport at the northwest end is 658 square feet. The roof is flat over the central "Florida room" and low pitched at the front and back. There are a variety of window forms including window walls, horizontal sliding windows and clerestory windows. The three bedroom home has two and a half baths, a kitchen a combination living/dining room and a Florida room.</p><br>
<p>The south elevation presents two sections of stucco over concrete block with a section of four sliding glass doors between them. The east wall of the living room has a sliding glass doors leading to the southern exterior patio another set of sliding glass doors just to the south on that wall lead to the master bedroom. These doors are also used on the north and south of the Florida room.</p><br>
<h3>Interior</h3><br>
<p>The front (west) door leads to a small redwood and rosewood paneled hallway opening to the living/dining room which then, is not separated from the sunken Florida room by a wall. The ceiling of the living/dining room is high pitched, pine, with exposed beams. The Florida room&#39;s is low, flat and pine. This central room has sliding glass doors along the full length of its north and south walls.</p><br>
<p>The Florida room is central to the house with access to the front and rear exterior patios, two of the bedrooms and across much of the length of the living/dining room. Two pods join the Florida room from the east and west. The kitchen is on the north end of the west pod while the master bedroom and bath are to the south. The east pod consists of two bedrooms with a shared bathroom between them. Another half bath is between the kitchen and carport.</p><br>
<p>The two bedrooms and bath to the east of the central room have high pitched, plastered ceilings. Original features of these bedrooms that remain include clerestory windows, louvered sliding closet doors and tiled window sills. The shared bathroom retains its pocket doors, cabinets, tile and colored fixtures. To the south of the living room, the bathroom for the master bedroom also still has its original pocket door, tile and colored fixtures. North of the dining room the kitchen has original cabinets and wall tile.</p><br>
<h3>Alterations</h3><br>
<p>The south half of Florida room ceiling was originally glass. In 1964 Hurricane Cleo damaged the glass panels and they were removed and replaced with solid wood, matching the rest of the ceiling. In about 1974 the sliding glass doors on the north and south of the Florida were installed as replacements for the fixed glass and jalousie windows. Salt air had corroded the jalousies so they were stuck. The terrazzo flooring has been covered over with ceramic tiles and in the master bedroom teak parquet tiles. The metal awning windows were replaced with new ones of the same size keeping the look the same in about 1989. Wall unit air conditioners were put in the bedrooms in the 1960s. A swimming pool was built in the south patio in 1986 and is not contributory to the home as historic.</p><br>
<h3>Setting</h3><br>
<p>The property is located in the Harbor Beach neighborhood where construction began in the early 1950s. It was one of the early houses built in the subdivision which was developed by L.C. Judd. Arriving in Fort Lauderdale in 1937 Judd was to become one of the counties most successful real estate investors. His development work includes much of the single family beachfront properties in Fort Lauderdale and the development of Plantation from flood prone farm land. The City of Fort Lauderdale was going to honor Judd, who had died in 1985, as a founder in 2005 but decided not to after allegations of racism and antisemitism were made.</p><br>
<p>Fort Lauderdale developed slowly after the 1926 hurricane and the collapse of the Florida land boom of the 1920s. Judd played a notable role in the post World War II return of substantial and sustained development. Harbor Beach was an early success with all 73 lots selling within a year at a starting price of $5,500. The acquisition of the land, legal arrangements and paper work was handled by George English. Most residential development in the 1940s and 1950s in the area were minimal traditional or ranch style homes without much in the way of unique individual design. The King House is an example of Mid-century modern architecture, designed by William F. Bigoney Jr.</p><br>
<h2>William F. Bigoney Jr.</h2><br>
<p>The King House is one of the few remaining buildings designed by pioneering Fort Lauderdale architect William Francis Bigoney Jr. (1921-1996). Bigoney studied under Walter Gropius, founder of the bauhaus design school. Bigoney is one of Fort Lauderdale&#39;s most notable modernist architects. In 2000 the city named him an "Honored Founder". The Fort Lauderdale Police Station was designed by Bigoney as well as 233 waterfront homes. He was a civic leader in the city playing a key role in the creation of the Riverwalk project.</p><br>
<p>His home designs made use of the ocean breezes, foliage and placement to mitigate the heat and sun. The King House exemplifies this with the Florida rooms two full walls of windows and north–south orientation. The house makes extensive use of natural lighting but avoids admitting the direct sunlight. The home reflects the architect&#39;s style and retains a high degree of integrity of design and materials.</p><br>
<h2>Williard Van Orsdel King</h2><br>
<p>Willard Van Orsdel King (1888-1970) was an entomologist who made significant and substantial contributions in the research of mosquitoes in the southeast United States, their life cycle and control. King lived in the house from 1953 until he died in the home on March 21, 1970. It is the building most closely associated with King.</p><br>
<p>Starting in 1917 King worked with Leland Ossian Howard at a field laboratory the latter established in Mound, Louisiana. He worked for the United States Bureau of Entomlology there for the next 13 years. An important aspect of King&#39;s work was that although his field was entomology he published in medical journals, so his research results would reach medical scientists. King found that particular species of mosquitoes were efficient hosts for the parasite that causes malaria. His work guided malaria control efforts in the southeast United States. This included a mosquito surveillance and control program for military camps during World War II.</p><br>
<p>King was the first person to use aerial spraying for mosquito control. One of his most important publications was Mosquitoes of the Southeastern States in 1939. King continued to make important contributions to the field up to the 1950s, identifying over fifty new species of mosquito in New Guinea with Harry Hoogstrael, leading the 1946 establishment of a United States Department of Agriculture laboratory in Orlando to study insects affecting man and animals. In 1954 the first handbook summarizing the evaluation of 12,000 compounds as insecticides and repellents, which he prepared, was published.</p><br>
<p>In Orlando, Florida, King was director of the mosquito control activities of the United States Bureau of Entomology. He moved there in 1930 and by 1931 it was the headquarters for the mosquito control work of the bureau. In the early 1940s he made several surveys of Fort Lauderdale and was a consultant for the Florida Department of Health. King&#39;s work contributed to the progress of Florida by helping combat diseases spread by insects. Commissioned a colonel in the US Army Sanitary Corps in 1941, he served in the South Pacific until 1946 when he returned to Orlando. The US Army awarded King a certificate of merit for his service noting his development and implementation of plans for surveillance of mosquitoes, his efforts resulting in a reduced level of malaria which was causing considerable hospitalization among combat personnel. It also stated he refused evacuation despite hospitalization for serious illness, remaining to serve with distinction.</p><br>
<p>Retiring in 1953 he moved to Fort Lauderdale and into the Dr. Willard Van Ordel King House. He continued to consult for the United States Bureau of Entomology on mosquito control. After living in the house for 17 years he died there on March 21, 1970.</p><br>
<p>The Dezell House is a historic house located at 328 East 8th Street in Greensboro, Florida. The house retains a high degree of its historic integrity.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Prairie Style house was completed in 1919, and is distinguished by its prominent horizontal lines, broad eaves on a complex hip roof with dormers on each of the four elevations radiating from the roof peak. On May 10, 2006, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The Edge House is a historic house located at 1218 West Broad Street in Groveland, Florida. It is locally significant as an excellent example of a Queen Anne Style residence, and is also the only example of this style in the City of Groveland.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The two-story wood-frame building has an asymmetrical plan with bays. The building measures approximately 53 feet by 37 feet and has an irregular footprint. It has a steeply-pitched complex hip roof with gables on the north and south ends, and gable dormer windows on the east and a gable dormer vent on the west side. A corbelled brick chimney pierces the east slope. Horizontal wood siding serves as the exterior walls. Horizontal aluminum siding was added to most exterior walls sometime after 1988. Fenestration is asymmetrical, and includes 1/1 double-hung wooden sash windows, and transoms with leaded glass in diamond patterns.</p><br>
<p>It was built in 1902 by one of Grovelands founding citizens, Elliot E. Edge. Edge was one of the first elected city officials. The Edge Memorial Methodist Church was named in memory of him after his death in 1934. Edges son, L. D. Edge, had the distinction of being the youngest man ever elected to the Florida State Legislature. To save the house from demolition and preserve this Groveland landmark, it was moved almost one mile west of its original location when a fast-food restaurant company decided to build on its original site in 1988.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on October 5, 2006.</p><br>
<p>The Rufus P. Jordan House, also known as Mar Vista, is a historic house located at the north end of Longboat Key in Manatee County, Florida. The house is built out of rusticated cement blocks fabricated on site. Rufus P. Jordon built the house for himself and the same remained a single family residence until 1942, when then owners, Wayne Sipe and his wife, along with the relatives of Rufus Jordan and his wife, divided it into apartments.</p><br>
<p>In the 1980&#39;s, the house became the Mar Vista Restaurant. Then, on August 12, 2005, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The Williams House is a historic house in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. It is located at 119 Rose Drive. On 28 September 2005, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places. The two-story masonry building was constructed circa 1926 in the Mediterranean Revival architectural style. The exterior is smooth stucco over concrete block. The roof brackets, gable vents and decorative cartouches are made of cast concrete. The building has an irregular footprint and an asymmetrical façade and sits on a 3,212 ft&sup2; property.</p><br>
<p>The Bryson-Crane House is a historic USA home in Sarasota, Florida. It is located at 5050 Brywill Circle. On June 1, 2005, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The house was built in 1925, designed as a Spanish bungalow by the same architect who created Ca d’Zan for the circus magnate, John Ringling. It was originally the residence of Walter Bryson, the developer – partner of John Ringling in creating the Sapphire Shores neighborhood. The street name “Brywill” is a combination of his name and that of the realtor for the project, Wilson. Bryson&#39;s sister-in-law lived across Mecca in the other Spanish bungalow, and the families designed facing entrances across the street from one another. Both were later converted to face Brywill Circle.</p><br>
<p>Bryson returned to Jacksonville by 1930, and the property was purchased by Harvey Crane, who acquired adjoining lots to create the larger property we know today. Following their move to a retirement home in 1946, several families resided here, including two main families: the Huddlestons and the Hancocks. We have wonderful article about Lucille Huddleston, sharing arecipe for lemon pie that given to her by Bess Truman. The Hancock&#39;s raised two daughters here.</p><br>
<p>Original history on the property assumed that the larger, two bedroom tower at the northeast corner of the home was added by Crane when the additional land was acquired, but in 2016 the repair of an interior door in the tower section unearthed newspaper sheets used to pad a door-mounted mirror. Although no date was visible, a clue was found in a review of a new book that was printed in 1928, thus pre-dating the Crane renovations. As such, the bedroom tower was likely included in the original 1925 construction design.</p><br>
<p>By the late 1990s, Everette Hancock was a 94 year old widower, living in the house with his son. Deciding to marry his deceased wife&#39;s sister in Tennessee “because she’s a good cook”, he listed the house for sale. The property was in poor condition and was renovated completely in 2001, a process that was quite painstaking in order to preserve the original historic elements of the property.</p><br>
<p>Following significant historical research and a rigorous application process, the home was eventually added to the historic register of Sarasota and was then listed on the National Historic Register.</p><br>
<p>The Cadillac Hotel & Beach Club is a historic USA hotel in Miami Beach, Florida. It is located at 3925 Collins Avenue. On October 5, 2005, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places .</p><br>
<p>It was designed by architect Roy France. A 1956 addition was designed by Melvin Grossman. It is also a contributing building in the NRHP-listed Collins Waterfront Architectural District.</p><br>
<p>It has been used as a hotel except for three years from 1942 to 1945 when it was leased by the United States military.</p><br>
<p>It is built of concrete block with a stucco finish, atop a wood piling and concrete slab foundation.</p><br>
<p>The hotel was part of Courtyard by Marriott for a number of years and was named Courtyard Cadillac Miami Beach/Oceanfront. It closed in September 2017 for major renovations by its owners, Hersha Hospitality Trust and reopened in August 2018 as an Autograph Collection by Marriott hotel, with 357 guest rooms, two pools, meeting spaces, a bar and restaurants.</p><br>
<p>The South Side School is a historic USA school in Fort Lauderdale, Florida. It is located at 701 South Andrews Avenue. On July 19, 2006, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places. South Side School opened in 1922 due Florida land boom of the 1920s.</p><br>
<p>The architect of the South Side School was John Peterman and the builder was Cayot and Hart. In 1949 the school was expanded, it was enlarged again in 1954. South Side School was changed from an elementary school in 1967 to be a school for special needs children. In 1990s the school was closed. The school became a city-designated historic landmark in 1996. Although the city hopes to turn the building into a cultural arts center, the renovation has encountered several setbacks.</p><br>
<p>The George Guida Sr. House is a historic USA home in Tampa, Florida. It is located at 1516 North Renfrew Avenue. On March 29, 2006, it was added to the USA National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The two-story 4,500 square foot home was a center of social life in West Tampa. It had a heart shaped drive. Concerns have been raised over maintenance and use of the city owned property.</p><br>
